Do alkylating agents inhibit protein synthesis?

Do alkylating agents inhibit protein synthesis?

Alkylating Agents Because of continued synthesis of other cell constituents, such as RNA and protein, growth is unbalanced, and the cell dies. Cyclophosphamide, however, also inhibits DNA synthesis, which makes it distinctive among the alkylating agents in its mode and spectrum of activity.

Which drug is an alkylating agent?

Some examples of alkylating agents are nitrogen mustards (chlorambucil and cyclophosphamide), cisplatin, nitrosoureas (carmustine, lomustine, and semustine), alkylsulfonates (busulfan), ethyleneimines (thiotepa), and triazines (dacarbazine).

How do alkylating agents cause cancer?

Alkylating agents induce dose-limiting myelosuppression and cause sublethal DNA damage to hematopoietic progenitors, causing mutational events that lead to malignant transformation to preleukemic and leukemic states.

What do alkylating agents at on?

Alkylating agents are compounds that work by adding an alkyl group to the guanine base of the DNA molecule, preventing the strands of the double helix from linking as they should. This causes breakage of the DNA strands, affecting the ability of the cancer cell to multiply. Eventually, the cancer cell dies.

How do alkylating agents cause mutation?

Mutagenicity is related to the ability of alkylating agents to form crosslinks and/or transfer an alkyl group to form monoadducts in DNA. The most frequent location of adducts in the DNA is at guanines. Expressed mutations involve different base substitutions, including all types of transitions and transversions.

Which one is not an alkylating agents?

Note: Although the platinum-containing anticancer agents, carboplatin, cisplatin, and oxaliplatin are frequently classified as alkylating agents, they are not.

Are alkylating agents mutagens?

The most commonly used chemical mutagens are alkylating agents such as ethylmethane sulfonate and N-methyl-N-nitrosourea that induce point mutations in DNA.

Which are examples of plant alkaloids used in chemotherapy select all that apply?

Examples of plant alkaloids used in chemotherapy are actinomycin D, doxorubicin, and mitomycin.

What drugs are known to cause alopecia select all that apply?

Chemotherapy drugs that tend to cause hair loss include:

• adriamycin.
• cyclophosphamide.
• dactinomycin.
• daunorubicin.
• docetaxel.
• doxorubicin.
• etoposide.
• fluorouracil.

What are alkylating agents in biology?

Alkylating Agents. Alkylating agents are a class of antineoplastic or anticancer drugs which act by inhibiting the transcription of DNA into RNA and thereby stopping the protein synthesis.

What is the best reducing and alkylating reagent for disdisulfide proteins?

Disulfide bond formation limits protein solubility, which can interfere with resolution. Bio-Rad offers the following reducing and alkylating reagents: Dithiothreitol (DTT), a commonly used general sulfhydryl reducing agent. DTT has a pI of about 8 and may not remain effective throughout IEF.

How do alkylating agents affect DNA replication?

Some alkylating agents are monofunctional and react with only one strand of DNA. Others are bifunctional and react with an atom on both strands of DNA, producing a cross-link that covalently links the two strands of the DNA double helix. Unless repaired, this lesion will prevent the cell from replicating effectively.

Are alkylating agents still used in the treatment of cancer?

Alkylating agents are still used extensively in the treatment of cancer, usually in combination with other types of antitumor agents. The major toxicity of alkylating agents is bone marrow and gastrointestinal toxicity. They also produce a significant incidence of second cancers in patients, as do other classes of antitumor agents.