How does HDV replicate?
How does HDV replicate?
Similar to plant viroids, HDV replicates its circular RNA genome using a double rolling-circle mechanism. Nevertheless, the production of hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg), which is indispensible for HDV replication, is a unique feature distinct from plant viroids, which do not encode any protein.
Where does hepatitis virus replicate?
Life Cycle of the Hepatitis B Virus The virus enters the host liver cell and is transported into the nucleus of the liver cell. Once inside the nucleus, the viral DNA is transformed into a covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), which serves as a template for viral replication (creation of new hepatitis B virus).
What is Delta hepatitis?
Hepatitis D, also known as “delta hepatitis,” is a liver infection caused by the hepatitis D virus (HDV). Hepatitis D only occurs in people who are also infected with the hepatitis B virus.
What is the pathogenesis of HDV infection?
The pathogenesis of HDV mainly involves interferon-α signaling inhibition, HDV-specific T-lymphocyte activation and cytokine responses, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha and nuclear factor kappa B signaling.
What is the full form of HDV?
Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a virus that requires hepatitis B virus (HBV) for its replication.
What does HDV stand for?
HDV is a format for recording of high-definition video on DV cassette tape. The format was originally developed by JVC and supported by Sony, Canon, and Sharp.
How does the hepatitis B virus replicate?
Hepadnaviruses, including human hepatitis B virus (HBV), replicate through reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate, the pregenomic RNA (pgRNA). Despite this kinship to retroviruses, there are fundamental differences beyond the fact that hepadnavirions contain DNA instead of RNA.
Does Hep B replicate in the nucleus?
HBV is a DNA virus that infects hepatocytes and replicates through an RNA intermediate. HBV is a small virus that persists as an episome, covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in the nucleus of infected cells.
What means Delta agent?
a small “defective” RNA virus, similar to viroids and virusoids, that requires the presence of hepatitis B virus for replication. The clinical course is variable but is usually more severe than other hepatitides. Synonym(s): delta agent, delta antigen, delta virus, hepatitis delta virus.
What is chronic viral hepatitis B with delta agent?
Delta agent. Hepatitis D is a viral infection caused by the hepatitis D virus (previously called the Delta agent). It causes symptoms only in people who also have hepatitis B infection. Hepatitis B is also known as serum hepatitis and is spread through blood and sexual contact.
What is the incubation period for hepatitis D?
The average incubation period for: o Co-infection is 90 days (range 45-160 days) o Superinfection is approximately 2-8 weeks. Persons with HBV-HDV superinfection are the primary reservoirs of infection.
Which virus helper function is needed for the replication of hepatitis D virus?
Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a defective RNA virus which requires the help of hepatitis B virus (HBV) virus for its replication and assembly of new virions.
