What upregulation means?

What upregulation means?

Listen to pronunciation. (UP-reh-gyoo-LAY-shun) In biology, the process by which a cell increases its response to a substance or signal from outside the cell to carry out a specific function.

How does upregulation happen?

Upregulation (i.e., increase in the number) of receptors occurs when the activity of the receptor is lower than usual (e.g., due to long-term administration of an antagonist). For example, administration of beta-blockers upregulates β adrenoreceptors.

What does upregulation of a gene mean?

In the biological context of organisms’ production of gene products, downregulation is the process by which a cell decreases the quantity of a cellular component, such as RNA or protein, in response to an external stimulus. The complementary process that involves increases of such components is called upregulation.

What is the difference between up and down-regulation?

In up-regulation, the number of receptors increases in response to rising hormone levels, making the cell more sensitive to the hormone and allowing for more cellular activity. When the number of receptors decreases in response to rising hormone levels, called down-regulation, cellular activity is reduced.

What is another word for upregulation?

Find another word for up-regulated. In this page you can discover 17 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for up-regulated, like: upregulate, overexpressed, downregulated, over-expressed, rab17, helicases, hypermethylation, FGFR3, upregulated, MMP-9 and null.

How do you write upregulation?

In general, when the term is used as a noun (person, place, thing) or an adjective (qualifier/modifier of a noun or pronoun), it should be hyphenated (such as “follow-up”); when it is used as a verb (action, occurrence), it should not be hyphenated and should be written as two separate words (such as “follow up”).

What is upregulation and downregulation in pharmacology?

A mechanism for the increased or decreased sensitivity to agonists and antagonist drugs suggests that decreased exposure to an agonist results in an increase in the number of receptors (upregulation), while increased exposure to an agonist can result in a decrease in the number of receptors (downregulation).

What does increased gene expression mean?

Gene expression is the process by which the instructions in our DNA are converted into a functional product, such as a protein. It acts as both an on/off switch to control when proteins are made and also a volume control that increases or decreases the amount of proteins made.

How do you downregulate gene expression?

Downregulation of gene transcription generally entails preventing steroid and non-steroid receptors and transcription factors from accessing the promoter region to initiate transcription. Epigenetic changes are ones that affect gene transcription and/or translation, but without altering the DNA sequence.

What does upregulate mean with cell sensitivity?

Upregulation: An increase in the number of receptors on the surface of target cells, making the cells more sensitive to a hormone or another agent.

Why is downregulation important?

Receptor downregulation is characterized by a decrease in total receptor number in the cell due to endocytosis and subsequent degradation of the receptors caused by long-term exposure to agonists (see Fig. 5-7). Downregulation is also an important cellular mechanism during long-term administration of therapeutic drugs.

What is another word for overexpression?

In this page you can discover 16 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for overexpression, like: isoform, , upregulation, down-regulation, up-regulation, downregulation, B-raf, wt1, inactivation, and c-src.

What is the medical definition of upregulation?

Medical Definition of upregulation : the process of increasing the response to a stimulus specifically : increase in a cellular response to a molecular stimulus due to increase in the number of receptors on the cell surface Other Words from upregulation

What is an example of downregulation?

An example of downregulation is the cellular decrease in the number of receptors to a molecule, such as a hormone or neurotransmitter, which reduces the cell’s sensitivity to the molecule.

What is the role of upregulate in cell membrane?

upregulate 1 To increase the responsiveness of a cell or organ to a stimulus. 2 To increase the number of receptors on a cell membrane. More