What is the drug isoniazid used for?
What is the drug isoniazid used for?
What is isoniazid? Isoniazid is an antibiotic that fights bacteria. Isoniazid is used to treat and to prevent tuberculosis (TB). You may need to take other TB medicines in combination with isoniazid.
What is the action of isoniazid?
Mechanism of action — The antimicrobial activity of INH is selective for mycobacteria, likely due to its ability to inhibit mycolic acid synthesis, which interferes with cell wall synthesis, thereby producing a bactericidal effect [1].
What is the trade name for isoniazid?
Isoniazid, also known as isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH), is an antibiotic used for the treatment of tuberculosis….Isoniazid.
| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Hydra, Hyzyd, Isovit, others |
| Other names | isonicotinic acid hydrazide, isonicotinyl hydrazine, INH, INAH, INHA |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
What is the target structure of isoniazid?
Isoniazid ( INH) is a hydrazide form of isonicotinic acid and is bactericidal for rapidly growing M. tuberculosis. The primary target of INH involves the INHA gene, which encodes the enoyl ACP (acyl carrier protein) reductase needed for the last step of the mycolic acid biosynthesis pathway of cell wall production.
Is isoniazid an inducer or inhibitor?
Isoniazid is a mechanism-based inhibitor of cytochrome P450 1A2, 2A6, 2C19 and 3A4 isoforms in human liver microsomes.
How does isoniazid cause pellagra?
Pellagra is caused by cellular deficiency of niacin or its precursor amino acid, tryptophan. Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is the administration of isoniazid (INH) to latent tuberculosis (TB) infection affected people preventing advancement to active TB disease.
How do you synthesis isoniazid?
Isoniazid can be synthesized in a two-step synthesis out of isonicotinic acid. First isonicotinic acid is turned into isonicotinic- acid-ethylester by an acid-catalyzed esterification with ethanol: At the beginning of the reaction the carbonylgroup is protonated by the acid, so the carbon gets more reactive.
Can I take rifampin and isoniazid together?
Rifampin and isoniazid combination is used to treat tuberculosis (TB) infection. It may be taken alone or with one or more other medicines for TB. Rifampin belongs to the class of medicines called antibiotics and works to kill or prevent the growth of bacteria.
How do you take rifampin and isoniazid?
Take isoniazid and rifampin on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal. Isoniazid and rifampin may cause temporary discoloration of your teeth, sweat, urine, saliva, and tears (a yellow, orange, red, or brown color). This side effect is usually not harmful.
What is the chemical formula of isoniazid?
C6H7N3O
Isoniazid/Formula
What is the best way to store isoniazid?
Store isoniazid tablets at 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C) and protect them from moisture and light. Keep isoniazid in the container that it came in and keep the container tightly closed. Do not use isoniazid if the original seal over the container opening is broken or missing.
What are the possible side effects of isoniazid?
History of severe side effects to isoniazid, such as fever, chills, or arthritis If you drink alcohol daily or use illicit injectable drugs.
Does isoniazid interact with other medications or foods?
Isoniazid may affect the way other medicines or products work, and other medicines or products may affect how isoniazid works. Ask your health care provider if there are interactions between isoniazid and the other medicines you take. Ask your health care provider about possible side effects from isoniazid.
What are the ingredients in isoniazid 100 mg?
DESCRIPTION Isoniazid is an antibacterial available as 100 mg and 300 mg tablets for oral administration. Each tablet also contains as inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, lactose monohydrate, pregelatinized starch (corn), povidone and stearic acid. Reference ID: 3957716
