Can a pleomorphic adenoma become a carcinoma?

Can a pleomorphic adenoma become a carcinoma?

Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) is a carcinoma arising from a primary or recurrent benign pleomorphic adenoma. It often poses a diagnostic challenge to clinicians and pathologists. The entity is difficult to diagnose preoperatively. Pathological assessment is the gold standard for making the diagnosis.

Is pleomorphic adenoma malignant?

Although it is classified as benign, a pleomorphic adenoma can undergo a malignant transformation, with a tendency to recur. In 5% of cases, in fact, if it is not surgically removed, a pleomorphic adenoma can degenerate into a carcinoma (taking the name of Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma).

Can pleomorphic adenoma metastasis?

Although pleomorphic adenoma is a benign tumor, it can metastasize especially when the excision was incomplete. The most frequent primary site of a metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma is the parotid gland, where complete excision is difficult due to critical anatomical problems such as the presence of the facial nerve.

Why is pleomorphic adenoma called pleomorphic?

Microscopically pleomorphic adenoma has a highly variable appearance, hence the name pleomorphic. It is characterized by mixed proliferation of polygonal epithelial and spindle-shaped myoepithelial cells in a variable stroma matrix of mucoid, myxoid, cartilaginous or hyaline origin.

Is pleomorphic adenoma curable?

These tumors are almost never life threatening. There are many types of benign salivary gland tumors, with names such as adenomas, oncocytomas, Warthin tumors, and benign mixed tumors (also known as pleomorphic adenomas). Benign tumors are almost always cured by surgery.

What are pleomorphic adenomas?

Pleomorphic adenomas are benign salivary gland tumors, which predominantly affect the superficial lobe of the parotid gland. The “pleomorphic” nature of the tumor can be explained on the basis of its epithelial and connective tissue origin. The tumor has a female predilection between 30–50 years of age.

How common is pleomorphic adenoma?

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign salivary gland neoplasm. In most studies, it represents 45-75% of all salivary gland tumors; the annual incidence is approximately two to three and a half cases per 100,000 population.

What is pleomorphic adenoma of parotid gland?

Can a pleomorphic adenoma come back?

Recurrence within 17 months of initial operation is rare for pleomorphic adenoma, and our patient demonstrates that even a complete parotidectomy may be inadequate in preventing recurrence in certain cases.

What is the prognosis for salivary gland cancer?

The prognosis for salivary gland cancer is variable and depends on the size of the tumor, the type of cancer, the type of salivary gland tissue involved, and the patient’s age and general health. CT and MRI scans are usually done to determine if salivary gland cancer has spread to other tissues.

Is a micro adenoma in the pituitary curable?

Is a pituitary microadenoma tumor curable? In most cases, a microadenoma can be cured with endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery. In this procedure, a neurosurgeon reaches the tumor through the nasal passages and sphenoid sinus. Gamma Knife radiosurgery, which uses targeted beams of radiation to destroy the tumor, is another option.

What is a parotid adenoma?

Pleomorphic adenomas, also known as benign mixed tumors (BMTs), are the most common salivary gland tumors. On imaging, they commonly present as well circumscribed rounded masses, most commonly located within the parotid gland, hypoechogenic on ultrasound and bright on T2WI with homogeneous enhancement on MRI.

Is lipoma a neoplasm?

Lipoma Definition. Lipoma is a growth of a “small ball” typically found underneath the skin composed of fatty lumps or mass of tissues. This is the most common benign soft tissue neoplasm (“new growth”) [ 1 ].