How do you calculate the critical depth of a hydraulic jump?

How do you calculate the critical depth of a hydraulic jump?

Critical Depth and Critical Slope for a Rectangular Channel Solving for yc and substituting q = Q/b, leads to the following equation for the critical depth in a rectangular channel: yc = (q2**/g)**1/3. Thus, the only parameters needed to calculate the critical depth are the flow rate and the rectangular channel width.

What is super critical depth?

Subcritical occurs when the actual water depth is greater than critical depth. Subcritical flow is dominated by gravitational forces and behaves in a slow or stable way. It is defined as having a Froude number less than one. When the actual depth is less than critical depth it is classified as supercritical.

At what condition will hydraulic jump occur?

A hydraulic jump is a phenomenon that occurs in fast-moving open flows when the flow becomes unstable. When a jump occurs, the height of the liquid surface increases abruptly resulting in an increased depth and decreased average flow velocity downstream.

What is relation of depth in hydraulic jump?

Conjugate depths relationships The depth upstream of a hydraulic jump is always supercritical, and the depth downstream of a hydraulic jump is always subcritical. It is important to note that the conjugate depth is different than the alternate depths for flow which are used in energy conservation calculations.

Is hydraulic mean depth and hydraulic radius same?

Hydraulic Mean Depth and Hydraulic Radius. Thus, wetted perimeter times the hydraulic radius is equal to the area of irregular section flow as shown on figures 2-4a and 2-4c. Figure 2-4 — Definitions of hydraulic radius and hydraulic mean depth (area is the same for all three cases).

What is the hydraulic mean depth R?

The hydraulic mean depth or hydraulic radius is the ratio of area of flow to the wetted perimeter.

What is conjugate depth in hydraulic jump?

Definition. In fluid dynamics, the conjugate depths refer to the depth (y₁) upstream and the depth (y₂) downstream of the hydraulic jump whose momentum fluxes are equal for a given discharge (volume flux) q. The depth upstream of a hydraulic jump is always supercritical.

Which is the critical depth denoted as?

Yc
5. What is the critical depth denoted as? Explanation: Critical depth is denoted as Yc. The critical depth plays an important role in determining the hydraulic slope and hydraulic curve of a fluid flow in motion.

What is the condition for a normal depth?

Normal depth is the depth of flow in a channel or culvert when the slope of the water surface and channel bottom is the same and the water depth remains constant. Normal depth occurs when gravitational force of the water is equal to the friction drag along the culvert and there is no acceleration of flow.

What is the critical depth of a hydraulic system?

The critical depth is the depth where the energy of the flow has been minimized (i.e. the critical depth maximized efficiency in the system) If the depth of the flow is less than the critical depth a hydraulic jump may appear Also, the critical flow & critical velocity occur at the critical depth.

How do you do a hydraulic jump?

For a hydraulic jump to occur, the existing flow should be a shooting flow i.e., the depth of flow should be less than the critical depth or the Froude number should be greater than 1. Let q be the discharge per unit width of channel. Consider sections 1-1 and 2-2 before and after hydraulic jump.

What is a hydraulic jump in a channel?

When the slope of open channel decreases from steep to mild, the depth of flow of water increases toward the critical depth and a flow instability occurs at some point. The flow becomes turbulent until the new normal depth is attained in the downstream. This is called a hydraulic jump.

How to find the depth D2 after a hydraulic jump?

Consider a triangular channel whose vertex angle is 2θ. Let the discharge in the channel be Q. Consider sections 1-1 and 2-2 before and after the hydraulic jump. When the discharge Q and the depth d 1 before the hydraulic jump are known we can determine the depth d 2 after the hydraulic jump by solving the above equation in d 2 by trial and error.