Is antimony pentavalent or trivalent?

Is antimony pentavalent or trivalent?

Antimony [Sb(III)] is the active/toxic trivalent form of antimonials that exhibits antileishmanial activity and is formed after reduction of pentavalent antimony [Sb(V)]. Generally, acidic pH and slightly elevated temperature favor the reduction of Sb(V) to Sb(III).

How do pentavalent antimonials work?

The molecular structure of antimonials, their metabolism and mechanism of action are still being investigated. Some recent studies suggest that pentavalent antimony acts as a prodrug that is converted to active and more toxic trivalent antimony. Other works support the direct involvement of pentavalent antimony.

What is antimonial drug?

Antimonials, in pre-modern medicine, were remedies principally containing antimony, used chiefly for emetic purposes. They might also have qualified for cathartic, diaphoretic, or simply alternative uses. Such treatments were considered unparalleled in their strength.

How is sodium stibogluconate given?

Sodium stibogluconate is usually administered by intravenous or intramuscular injection daily at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day (maximum 850 mg) for 21–28 days. Intralesional injections may be used for a single lesion or a few small lesions of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

What is trivalent and pentavalent?

Pentavalent impurity atoms have 5 valence electrons. Trivalent impurity atoms have 3 valence electrons. The various examples of trivalent impurities include Boron (B), Gallium (G), Indium(In), Aluminium(Al). Boron is a substance consisting of atoms which all have the same number of protons.

What is pentavalent physics?

Pentavalent impurities are the atoms with five valence electrons used for the doping of semiconductors. i.e. Arsenic (As), Phosphorous (Pi), Antimony (Sb), etc. Arsenic is an example for pentavalent impurity. They have 5 valence electrons.

What is pentavalent antimony compounds?

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Pentavalent antimonials (also abbreviated pentavalent Sb or SbV) are a group of compounds used for the treatment of leishmaniasis. They are also called pentavalent antimony compounds.

Is Gallium a pentavalent?

Some examples here: Pentavalent, antimony, arsenic, phosphorus, and trivalent, boron, aluminum, and gallium.

What are pentavalent elements?

Pentavalent elements are those elements which have five electrons in their outer shell. Since electrons are negative charge carriers, the resultant material is called an n-type (or negative type) semiconductor. The pentavalent impurity that is added is called a ‘dopant’ and the process of addition is called ‘doping’.

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