What are some complications of oxygen therapy in the neonate?

What are some complications of oxygen therapy in the neonate?

Possible adverse effects of oxygen in preterm infants

• Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) Vascularization of the retina is primarily affected by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).
• Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)
• Preterm brain injury.
• Neonatal haemolytic anaemia.

Why is it important to administer warm humidified oxygen to infants?

Warmed humidified oxygen helps to prevent excessive nasal secretions. Routine nasal suctioning is not needed. The nasal prongs can be displaced (come out of the nostrils).

What are the complications of oxygen administration?

Risks Of Oxygen Therapy

• Depression of ventilation: It is seen in COPD patients with chronic carbondioxide (CO2)retention who have hypoxic respiratory drive to breath.
• Hyperbaric oxygen toxicity:
• Fire hazard:
• Absorption atelectasis:
• Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP):
• Pulmonary toxicity:

Why is oxygen toxic to neonates?

Oxygen is toxic because it produces oxygen radicals. One important oxygen radical generating system is hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase.

Why does oxygen cause blindness in infants?

If excess oxygen is given, normal blood vessels degrade and cease to develop. When the excess oxygen environment is removed, the blood vessels rapidly begin forming again and grow into the vitreous humor of the eye from the retina.

How does oxygen cause retinopathy prematurity?

Oxygen also induces aberrant physiologic responses that can be damaging in premature infants. For example, vasoconstriction in the retina is an early response to oxygen that can lead to vasoobliteration, neovascularization, and retinal traction (retinopathy of prematurity).

What are the effects of oxygen toxicity?

Oxygen toxicity is lung damage that happens from breathing in too much extra (supplemental) oxygen. It’s also called oxygen poisoning. It can cause coughing and trouble breathing. In severe cases it can even cause death.

What are the important facts to remember before oxygen is administered?

Oxygen safety precautions

• Keep the oxygen at least 3 metres from any open flame or heat source, such as candles or a gas stove, or from anything that could cause a spark.
• Do not smoke or let anyone else smoke near the oxygen equipment.
• Avoid using anything flammable near the oxygen, including petrol,

Can neonates have oxygen?

Oxygen is commonly used in the NICU and has many beneficial effects. It also has negative side effects and should be treated like a drug. Its use should be minimized to avoid damage to developing eyes and lungs. Learn about the effects of oxygen on the neonate.

What is oxygen humidification?

Oxygen humidifiers are medical devices used to humidify supplemental oxygen. Typically a bubble-type humidifier provides long-lasting moisture for utmost patient comfort during oxygen therapy, especially in drier climates. To efficiently use an oxygen humidifier, you will need to fill it with sterile water.

How is headbox and facemask oxygen delivered to infants?

There are few infant data on headbox and facemask oxygen, although these methods are regularly used in practice in developed countries. Therefore, this review concentrates on oxygen delivery by nasal cannula, nasal catheter, and nasopharyngeal catheter.

How do you give oxygen to an infant on supplemental oxygen?

Infants dependent on supplemental oxygen should be given oxygen by nasal catheter when they are fed; this allows a more predictable and stable oxygen delivery. 4

Is humidification necessary for headbox oxygen therapy?

Humidification is not necessary. 2 Headbox oxygen is generally well tolerated, although the limitations placed on mobility are undesirable when prolonged oxygen treatment is required.

How do you use a nasal hood for a newborn baby?

The hood is placed over the baby’s head. A thin, soft, plastic tube called a nasal cannula may be used instead of a hood. This tube has soft prongs that gently fit into the baby’s nose. Oxygen flows through the tube.