What are the example of Bose-Einstein condensate?

What are the example of Bose-Einstein condensate?

Two examples of materials containing Bose-Einstein condensates are superconductors and superfluids. Superconductors conduct electricity with virtually zero electrical resistance: Once a current is started, it flows indefinitely. The liquid in a superfluid also flows forever. In effect, there is no friction.

What are some examples of fermionic condensate?

A chiral condensate is an example of a fermionic condensate that appears in theories of massless fermions with chiral symmetry breaking, such as the theory of quarks in Quantum Chromodynamics.

What are some examples of the fifth state of matter?

A gas, for example, can be ionised at high temperatures to form a plasma. In 1995, researchers were able to prove that a fifth state of matter could be created at very low temperatures — the Bose-Einstein condensate. In quantum mechanics, the Bose-Einstein condensate is used to conduct quantum experiments.

What is the fifth state of matter Bose-Einstein condensate?

Sometimes referred to as the ‘fifth state of matter’, a Bose-Einstein Condensate is a state of matter created when particles, called bosons, are cooled to near absolute zero (-273.15 degrees Celsius, or -460 degrees Fahrenheit).

What is an example of a superfluid?

Examples of superfluids include helium-3 (or ³He) and helium-4 (or ⁴He). For temperatures below 2.17 K, helium-4 becomes a superfluid. Helium-3 becomes a superfluid only below 0.0025 K. Also, when superfluids are stirred, they form vortices that “rotate indefinitely” (see Fig.

Where can you find a Bose-Einstein condensate?

In July 2018, an experiment aboard the International Space Station cooled a cloud of rubidium atoms to ten-millionth of a degree above absolute zero, producing a Bose-Einstein condensate in space.

What are the 6 types of matter?

There are at least six: solids, liquids, gases, plasmas, Bose-Einstein condensates, and a new form of matter called “fermionic condensates” just discovered by NASA-supported researchers.

What can Bose-Einstein condensate be used for?

The proposed areas of applications of bose-einstein condensate are: Quantum information processing- concept of quantum computer. Precision measurement by development of most sensitive detectors using BEC. Development of optical lattices which could be easily modifiable by varying the interplanar spacing etc.

What are some examples of plasmas?

Here are 10 examples of forms of plasma:

• lightning.
• aurorae.
• the excited low-pressure gas inside neon signs and fluorescent lights.
• solar wind.
• welding arcs.
• the Earth’s ionosphere.
• stars (including the Sun)
• the tail of a comet.

What are the uses of Bose-Einstein condensate?

What is superfluidity used for?

Superfluids can be used in gyroscopes, to help machines predict information about gravity movements that can’t be picked up with regular instruments only.

Are all Bose-Einstein condensates superfluid?

Superfluidity is often coincidental with Bose-Einstein condensation, but neither phenomenon is directly related to the other; not all Bose-Einstein condensates can be regarded as superfluids, and not all superfluids are Bose-Einstein condensates. Superfluidity was originally discovered in liquid helium by Pyotr Kapitsa and John F. Allen.

What state of matter is Bose Einstein?

Bose Einstein Condensate is the fifth state of matter (after solid, liquid, gas, plasma). To visualize the fifth state of matter one needs to have the cooling capacity to lower gas temperature to very near the absolute zero (less than one-millionth of a degree above absolute zero).

What is Bose Einstein condensation?

Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), a state of matter in which separate atoms or subatomic particles, cooled to near absolute zero (0 K, − 273.15 °C, or − 459.67 °F; K = kelvin), coalesce into a single quantum mechanical entity—that is, one that can be described by a wave function—on a near-macroscopic scale.

What is Einstein Bose condensate?

A Bose-Einstein condensate is a group of atoms cooled to within a hair of absolute zero. When they reach that temperature the atoms are hardly moving relative to each other; they have almost no free energy to do so.