What does carboxylesterase do?
What does carboxylesterase do?
Carboxylesterases are a multi-gene family of enzymes widely distributed throughout the body of mammals that catalyze the hydrolysis of esters, amides, thioesters, and carbamates. In humans, two carboxylesterases, hCE1 and hCE2, are important pathways of drug metabolism.
Is acetylcholinesterase a carboxylesterase?
Carboxylesterases are widely distributed in nature, and are common in mammalian liver. The carboxylesterase family of evolutionarily related proteins (those with clear sequence homology to each other) includes a number of proteins with different substrate specificities, such as acetylcholinesterases.
Do humans have carboxylesterase?
In contrast to rodents, humans have no carboxylesterase in blood (Li et al. 2005). CBDP has frequently been used as a specific inhibitor of carboxylesterase. However, we have found that CBDP inhibits both butyrylcholinesterase and carboxylesterase.
What is CES1A1?
Summary: CES1A1 is the primary enzyme responsible for the metabolism of methylphenidate (MPH). 1 The Gly143Glu polymorphism reduces enzyme activity, which could result in elevated plasma concentrations of some parent compounds that are substrates of CES1A1.
What is the optimal pH for the Carboxylesterase?
8.5-10.5
It is produced as an intracellular protein with a molecular weight of 32 kDa, with optimum pH of 8.5-10.5 and optimum temperature between 35 to 55°C.
Where is AChE produced?
skeletal muscle
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in skeletal muscle is concentrated at neuromuscular junctions, where it is found in the synaptic cleft between muscle and nerve, associated with the synaptic portion of the myofiber basal lamina. This raises the question of whether the synaptic enzyme is produced by muscle, nerve, or both.
Where is esterase found in the body?
liver
In human physiology, esterases are distributed in the liver, erythrocytes, plasma, and the gastrointestinal tract.
What drugs does CYP1A2 metabolize?
CYP1A2 plays an important role in metabolism of drugs like clozapine, olanzapine, fluvoxamine, haloperidol, theophylline; biotransformation of endogenous compounds like melatonin, bilirubin, estrogens, procarcinogens, aflatoxin B1, and aromatic/heterocyclic amines as well as caffeine (Gunes and Dahl, 2008).
What does the enzyme carboxylesterase do?
Carboxylesterase (CE) enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of esterified chemicals, including pesticides, drugs, and lipids. Tissue distribution of cocaine methyl esterase and ethyl transferase activities: correlation with carboxylesterase protein.
What is the name of the enzyme that catalyzes the ester bond?
/car·box·yl·es·ter·ase/ (kahr-bok″sil-es´ter-ās) an enzyme of wide specificity that catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of the ester bond in a carboxylic ester to form an alcohol and a carboxylic acid, including acting on esters of vitamin A.
What is the mechanism of action of carboxylesterase on peach aphids?
A carboxylesterase with broad substrate specificity causes organophosphorus, carbamate, and pyrethroid resistance in peach-potato aphids (Myzuspersicae). CPF produces neurotoxic effects via inhibition of ( [beta]-esterases, including butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and carboxylesterase (reviewed by Costa 2006).
