What is Akt cell signaling?
What is Akt cell signaling?
Akt promotes cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis through phosphorylation and inactivation of several targets, including Bad (7), forkhead transcription factors (8), c-Raf (9), and caspase-9. PTEN phosphatase is a major negative regulator of the PI3 kinase/Akt signaling pathway (10).
What is phospho AKT?
The serine/threonine protein kinase AKT is a key player in the regulation of cell survival. AKT functions to promote cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis through its ability to phosphorylate and inactivate several targets including Bad, caspase-9 and Forkhead transcription factor.
What is Akt Ser473?
The activity of the protein kinase Akt is frequently dysregulated in cancer and is an important factor in the growth and survival of tumour cells. Akt activation involves the phosphorylation of two residues: threonine 308 (Thr308) in the activation loop and serine 473 (Ser473) in the C-terminal hydrophobic motif.
What is Thr308?
Abbreviations: Ser473=serine 473; Thr308=threonine 308.
What Happens When Akt is activated?
Activated Akt mediates downstream responses, including cell survival, growth, proliferation, cell migration and angiogenesis, by phosphorylating a range of intracellular proteins. The pathway is present in all cells of higher eukaryotes and is highly conserved.
How do I activate my Akt?
Akt phosphorylation triggers its activation. Liu et al. report that during cell cycle progression, under growth factor stimulation and DNA damage, Akt can be phosphorylated by cyclin A2/CDK2, mTORC2 and DNAPK. This new phosphorylation governs pS473 and pT308 to reach Akt activation.
Where is Akt found in the cell?
cytoplasm
Akt1 was localized in the cytoplasm, which is in agreement with the currently accepted model that cytoplasmic Akt is translocated and activated at the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane.
What is the role of Akt in cell division?
Akt contributes to cell proliferation via phosphorylation of the CDK inhibitors p21 and p27. Akt is a major mediator of cell survival through direct inhibition of pro-apoptotic proteins like Bad or inhibition of pro-apoptotic signals generated by transcription factors like FoxO.
How is the Akt signaling cascade activated?
The Akt signaling cascade is activated by receptor tyrosine kinases, integrins, B and T cell receptors, cytokine receptors, G-protein-coupled receptors and other stimuli that induce production of phospha- tidylinositol (3,4,5) trisphosphates (PIP3) by phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K).
What is the phosphorylation of AKT at Ser473?
Members of the PI3K-related kinase (PIKK) family, including DNA-PK, can also phosphorylate Akt at Ser473. Akt is dephosphorylated by protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and the PH-domain leucine-rich-repeat-containing protein phosphatases (PHLPP1/2).
What is the meaning of Akt antibody 9272?
Akt Antibody #9272. The Akt antibody confirms silencing of protein expression while the p42 MAP Kinase (Erk2) antibody was used to control for loading and specificity of Akt siRNA (A). Phospho-GSK-3β (Ser9) Antibody #9336 was used to confirm downstream pathway inhibition (B). Learn more about how we get our images.
