What is asthma and its pathophysiology?
What is asthma and its pathophysiology?
Asthma is a common chronic disorder of the airways that involves a complex interaction of airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and an underlying inflammation. This interaction can be highly variable among patients and within patients over time.
What is Pediatric asthma?
Childhood asthma (pediatric asthma) is the most common serious chronic disease in infants and children; yet is often difficult to diagnose. In infants and children, asthma may appear as: • Wheezing (whistling sound) when breathing. • Coughing. • Rapid breathing.
What is the main component involved in the pathophysiology of asthma?
The pathophysiology of asthma is complex and involves the following components: Airway inflammation. Intermittent airflow obstruction. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness.
What causes child asthma?
Triggers for asthma in children exposure to cigarette smoke. airway infections such as the common cold, especially during infancy. indoor and outdoor air pollution. allergy triggers, such as dust mites , animals, pollen or mould.
What are the three major pathophysiological problems faced by asthmatics?
Pathophysiology of asthma consists of three key abnormalities: bronchoconstriction, airway inflammation, and mucous impaction.
What pathophysiology means?
Definition of pathophysiology : the physiology of abnormal states specifically : the functional changes that accompany a particular syndrome or disease.
What is the main cause of bronchial asthma?
Though the root cause of bronchial asthma is unclear, it occurs largely due to environmental or genetic factors. The factors that trigger an asthma reaction are: Exposure to substances such as pollen, dust, animal fur, sand, and bacteria, which triggers allergic reactions.
What are the different types of asthma in children?
What causes asthma in children?
- Allergic asthma is caused by allergens. Allergens are substances that cause an allergic reaction.
- Nonallergic asthma is caused by triggers that are not allergens, such as. Breathing in cold air.
- Exercise-induced asthma happens during physical exercise, especially when the air is dry.
What is the pathophysiology of asthma nursing?
The underlying pathophysiology in asthma is reversible and diffuse airway inflammation that leads to airway narrowing. Activation. When the mast cells are activated, it releases several chemicals called mediators.
What is the treatment for pediatric asthma?
There are two main categories of asthma medications: quick-relief medications (rescue medications) and long-term preventive drugs (controller medications) (see Treatment of Asthma). Asthma drugs treat both symptoms and causes, so they effectively control asthma for nearly every child.
How to treat pediatric asthma?
The treatment goals for young children with asthma are to: Treat inflammation in the airways, usually with daily medication, to prevent asthma attacks. Use short-acting drugs to treat asthma attacks. Avoid or minimize the effect of asthma triggers. Maintain normal activity levels.
What is the prevalence of pediatric asthma?
Asthma can be a life-threatening disease if not properly managed. Asthma is the most common chronic condition among children, 1 currently affecting an estimated 6.1 million children under 18 years, of which 3.5 million suffered from an asthma attack or episode in 2016. 2
