What is protoplast isolation culture and fusion?
What is protoplast isolation culture and fusion?
Fusion of somatic cells (2n) and production of hybrids is known as somatic cell fusion or somatic hybridization. Due to these fusion properties of the membranes, protoplast fusion has been achieved between dicot and dicot, dicot and monocots and plant and insect cells (Drosophila), amphibian cells and mammalian cells.
What is protoplast describe the methods of isolation and culture of protoplast?
Protoplasts can be isolated from plant tissues or cultured cells by enzymatic digestion to remove the cell walls. The success of protoplast isolation depends especially on the condition of the tissue and the combination of enzymes being used. There is no standard method for the isolation and culture of protoplasts.
How do you isolate protoplast and culture it?
The first isolation of protoplasts was achieved by Klercker (1892) employing a mechanical method….Mechanical Method:
- A small piece of epidermis from a plant is selected.
- The cells are subjected to plasmolysis.
- The tissue is dissected to release the protoplasts.
What are the steps involved in protoplast culture?
(i) Isolation of protoplast: Small bits of plant tissue like leaf tissue are used for isolation of protoplast. The leaf tissue is immersed in 0.5% Macrozyme and 2% Onozuka cellulase enzymes dissolved in 13% sorbitol or mannitol at pH 5.4. (ii) Fusion of protoplast: It is done through the use of a suitable fusogen.
What is the benefit of protoplast culture?
Advantages of protoplast transformation include: (i) delivery of multiple plasmids with high levels of cotransformation, (ii) no binary vector required, (iii) high frequency transformation, and (iv) most plant species are amenable to protoplast isolation and transformation.
Why are enzymes used in protoplast isolation?
Protoplasts are cells which have had their cell wall removed, usually by digestion with enzymes. Cellulase enzymes digest the cellulose in plant cell walls while pectinase enzymes break down the pectin holding cells together. This makes the cell walls easier to digest. …
What do you mean by protoplast fusion?
Somatic fusion, also called protoplast fusion, is a type of genetic modification in plants by which two distinct species of plants are fused together to form a new hybrid plant with the characteristics of both, a somatic hybrid.
What are the possible outcome of protoplast fusion?
By protoplast fusion it is possible to transfer some useful genes such as diesese resistance,nitrogen fixation ,rapid growth rate ,more product formation rate,protein quality,frost hardiness,drought resistance,herbicide resistance ,heat and cold resistance from one species to another.
Why are protoplast isolated?
What is protoplast fusion technology?
What is protoplast isolation?
Protoplasts are cells which have had their cell wall removed, usually by digestion with enzymes. The isolation and culture media used vary with the species and with the tissue from which the protoplasts were isolated. Protoplasts are used in a number of ways for research and for plant improvement.
What is somatic fusion discuss its importance?
Somatic fusion, also called protoplast fusion, is a type of genetic modification in plants by which two distinct species of plants are fused together to form a new hybrid plant with the characteristics of both, a somatic hybrid. Uses of somatic fusion include making potato plants resistant to potato leaf roll disease.
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