What is Spike wave discharges?

What is Spike wave discharges?

A spike-and-wave discharge is a regular, symmetrical, generalized EEG pattern seen particularly during absence epilepsy, also known as ‘petit mal’ epilepsy. The basic mechanisms underlying these patterns are complex and involve part of the cerebral cortex, the thalamocortical network, and intrinsic neuronal mechanisms.

What type of movements are associated with Polyspikes and spikes on the EEG?

Spikes, or more commonly sharp waves, are typically 200 milliseconds in duration and are followed by slow waves. Polyspike discharges are seen in those epilepsy variants with prominent myoclonic seizures or during non–rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.

What are Polyspikes on EEG?

Spikes clearly stand out from other brain activity on the EEG. Polyspikes are a series of spikes that happen quickly. Spike waves happen when one or more brief spikes are followed by a slow wave, and this happens three times per second. Sharp waves happen over 80-200 milliseconds.

What is idiopathic epilepsy?

Idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) is a group of epileptic disorders that are believed to have a strong underlying genetic basis. Patients with an IGE subtype are typically otherwise normal and have no structural brain abnormalities.

Is a Persyst spike a seizure?

The presence of spikes and sharp waves in EEG data strongly support a diagnosis of epilepsy or an elevated risk of seizures. Their morphologic characteristics and spatial distribution are key aspects for either localizing potential foci of seizure origin or in establishing a syndromic diagnosis.

What causes spikes in brain waves?

Epileptic encephalopathy with continuous spike-and-wave during sleep (CSWS): Continuous spike and wave activity is seen during sleep. This can be seen in many different seizure subtypes and epilepsy syndromes. It can be caused by structural abnormalities of the brain, genetic abnormalities, and metabolic derangements.

What are Centrotemporal spikes?

Centrotemporal spikes refers to the part of the brain where the focal seizures associated with this syndrome occur, which controls movement. ‘Benign’ refers to the fact that children usually develop normally and that seizures usually cease spontaneously by puberty.

What causes Pleds?

PLEDS are caused by acute destructive focal lesions and are a transitory phenomenon: they tend to disappear in weeks, even if the causal lesion persists. Over time, the record takes on a less specific focal slow appearance, which is more likely to persist.

What is symptomatic generalized epilepsy?

Generalized epilepsy means that seizures come from the entire brain at once. The term “symptomatic” means that the seizures are a symptom of some type of brain malfunction or injury.

What are symptomatic seizures?

Symptomatic seizure is a seizure caused by a previously known or suspected disorder of the CNS. This type of seizure is associated with a previous CNS insult known to increase the risk of developing epilepsy.