What is the difference between primary and secondary peritonitis?

What is the difference between primary and secondary peritonitis?

In primary peritonitis, there is inflammation of the peritoneal surface without another intra-abdominal process. Secondary peritonitis develops as a result of inflammation of another structure within the abdomen.

What causes primary peritonitis?

Peritonitis is most often caused by introduction of an infection into the otherwise sterile peritoneal environment through organ perforation, but it may also result from other irritants, such as foreign bodies, bile from a perforated gall bladder or a lacerated liver, or gastric acid from a perforated ulcer.

Can children have peritonitis?

Rarely, healthy children can also develop primary peritonitis, as in our case. Patients of primary peritonitis usually present with abdominal pain, fever, diarrhea, or vomiting. Examination reveals diffuse abdominal tenderness, rebound tenderness, and guarding, most of the time, as in this case.

What is secondary peritonitis?

Secondary bacterial peritonitis describes peritoneal infections secondary to intraabdominal lesions, such as perforation of the hollow viscus, bowel necrosis, nonbacterial peritonitis, or penetrating infectious processes.

What is purulent peritonitis?

Peritonitis is inflammation of the peritoneum — a silk-like membrane that lines your inner abdominal wall and covers the organs within your abdomen — that is usually due to a bacterial or fungal infection.

What are three causes of peritonitis?

What causes peritonitis?

  • A hole in your stomach, intestine, gallbladder, uterus, or bladder.
  • An infection during treatment for end-stage kidney (renal) disease (peritoneal dialysis)
  • An infection of fluid in the belly from end-stage liver disease (cirrhosis)
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease in women.

Does blood cause peritonitis?

Noninfectious causes of peritonitis include irritants such as bile, blood, or foreign substances in the abdomen, such as barium.

Can pneumonia cause peritonitis?

Primary pneumococcal peritonitis in patients with cirrhosis is usually associated with a respiratory tract infection such as pneumonia, and, in this case, the bloodstream (hematogenous spreading) is the most likely route of peritoneal fluid infection.

How can you tell the difference between SBP and secondary peritonitis?

SBP is an acute ascites infection an ascitic fluid polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell count of ≥250 cells/mm3 both with or without a positive ascitic fluid bacterial culture. SBP can be differentiated from secondary bacterial peritonitis by the absence of a surgically treatable intra-abdominal source of infection.

How many stages of peritonitis are there?

Peritonitis can usually be divided into an early formative or absorptive stage during which bacteriemia and bacterial toxemia preponderate, and the fully developed later stage in which circulatory disturbances and inhibition ileus preponderate.

What are 4 signs of peritonitis?

What are symptoms of peritonitis?

  • Severe belly pain that gets worse with any motion.
  • Nausea and vomiting.
  • Fever.
  • Sore or swollen belly.
  • Fluid in the belly.
  • Not being able to have a bowel movement or pass gas.
  • Less urine than normal.
  • Thirst.

Why is peritonitis more common in females?

Because female reproductive organs are found in the peritoneal cavity, diseases of these organs are considered peritoneal diseases.

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