What meds trigger malignant hyperthermia?
What meds trigger malignant hyperthermia?
According to the Malignant Hyperthermia Association of the United States (MHAUS), the following agents approved for use in the U.S. are known triggers of MH: inhaled general anesthetics, halothane, desflurane, enflurane, ether, isoflurane, sevoflurane, and succinylcholine.
What medication is contraindicated for a patient with a family history of malignant hyperthermia?
Prevention of Malignant Hyperthermia Local or regional anesthesia is preferred to general anesthesia when possible. Potent inhalational anesthetics and depolarizing muscular relaxants should be avoided in patients who are susceptible and those with a strong family history.
What is the antidote for malignant hyperthermia?
Dantrolene is the only currently accepted specific treatment for MH. In an episode of MH, muscle metabolism is dramatically increased secondary to an increase in calcium within the muscle.
What protein is affected by malignant hyperthermia?
We know that there are at least two regulatory proteins that are affected, the dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR) and the ryanodine receptor (RYR). Some studies indicate that there are other calcium regulatory proteins in muscle that when absent or deformed may also lead to the pathophysiologic changes of MH.
How is MH treated?
Immediate treatment of malignant hyperthermia includes:
- Medication. A drug called dantrolene (Dantrium, Ryanodex, Revonto) is used to treat the reaction by stopping the release of calcium into the muscle.
- Oxygen. You may have oxygen through a face mask.
- Body cooling.
- Extra fluids.
- Supportive care.
Can dogs get malignant hyperthermia?
Malignant hyperthermia is seen mostly in pigs, but it has also been reported in dogs (especially Greyhounds), cats, and horses. This syndrome is characterized by abnormally high body temperature and muscle contraction that can potentially lead to death.
Does succinylcholine treat malignant hyperthermia?
Providers frequently use succinylcholine, including during difficult mask ventilation. Succinylcholine given without volatile anesthetics triggered 24 malignant hyperthermia events, 13 of which were treated with dantrolene.
Does succinylcholine trigger malignant hyperthermia?
All inhalation anesthetics except nitrous oxide are triggers for MH. The muscle relaxant succinylcholine is also a trigger for MH. No other anesthetic drugs appear to be triggers, including propofol and ketamine.
What meds should be avoided in MH crisis?
Anesthetic Drug Selection and Anesthesia Machine Preparation If a patient is confirmed as MH-susceptible or has a family history of MH, proper anesthesia precautions must be taken. 7,24 MH-triggering volatile anesthetic agents and succinylcholine should be avoided. Pretreatment with dantrolene is not recommended.
How is hyperthermia treated in dogs?
The best and cheapest way to start the cooling is to use cool water from a hose, or partially submerge the dog’s body in a cool swimming pool. Focus on cooling the main arterial and venous regions by applying hose water to the groin, armpits and jugular regions.
What will trigger hyperthermia in dogs?
What causes hyperthermia? True hyperthermia can be caused by exercise, being somewhere hot, an inability to pant (the main way dogs get rid of heat as they can only sweat through the pads on their feet), certain drugs and poisons or some medical conditions. A fever can be due to many things, including an infection.
Can succinylcholine be reversed?
Sugammadex can reverse profound blockade and can be given for immediate reversal and its use would avoid the potentially serious adverse effects of the currently used agent, succinylcholine. Also, sugammadex can reverse NMB more quickly and predictably than existing agents.
