Which zone has a temperature higher than its melting point?
Which zone has a temperature higher than its melting point?
In the Earth’s interior, which zone has a temperature higher than it’s melting point? Outer Core.
What is the inferred temperature at the boundary?
A team of scientists has measured the melting point of iron at high precision in a laboratory, and then drew from that result to calculate the temperature at the boundary of Earth’s inner and outer core — now estimated at 6,000 C (about 10,800 F).
What happens to the density and temperature of rock as depth increases?
4) density increases and temperature decreases 14. What happens to the density and temperature of rock within Earth’s interior as depth increases? 2) atmospheric structure 3) asthenosphere location 4) continental-crust thickness 15. 3) The temperature of the Earth’s interior decreases with depth.
What is the texture of the granitic bedrock of the continental crust?
MODEL ANSWER GIVEN BELOW
| Granitic bedrock | |
|---|---|
| Basaltic bedrock | |
| Texture: | Density: |
| – fine | – high density |
| – vesicular or nonvesicular | – 3.0 g/cm3 |
Which zone is characterized by partially melted rock?
The asthenosphere is also known as the “low velocity” zone of the mantle because seismic waves slow down as they pass through it. This property tells us that the asthenosphere is composed of partially molten rock slushlike material consisting of solid particles with liquid occupying spaces in between.
Which layer of the earth has the lowest temperature?
the mesosphere
The top of the mesosphere is the coldest area of the Earth’s atmosphere because temperature may locally decrease to as low as 100 K (-173°C).
What is the temperature at the tropopause?
Heat is produced in the process of the formation of Ozone and this heat is responsible for temperature increases from an average -60°F (-51°C) at tropopause to a maximum of about 5°F (-15°C) at the top of the stratosphere. This increase in temperature with height means warmer air is located above cooler air.
How does the temperature of Earth’s crust compared to the temperature of Earth’s interior?
The temperature is around 1000°C at the base of the crust, around 3500°C at the base of the mantle, and around 5,000°C at Earth’s centre. The temperature gradient within the lithosphere (upper 100 km) is quite variable depending on the tectonic setting.
How does the temperature change from the crust to the core?
As you head toward the center of the Earth, temperatures increase exponentially. As you move further and further away from the core, the crust cools to much colder temperatures all the way up to the surface. The Earth gets hotter as you move towards to center.
How does the continental crust compared to the oceanic crust?
Continental crust is typically 40 km (25 miles) thick, while oceanic crust is much thinner, averaging about 6 km (4 miles) in thickness. The less-dense continental crust has greater buoyancy, causing it to float much higher in the mantle.
Why is oceanic crust basaltic?
As the material rises, the pressure that helps keep it solid decreases. This allows hot mantle rocks to partially melt and produce basaltic liquid. This so-called “melt” is less dense than surrounding solids, and so it buoyantly rises to the surface to form the crust.
Why is basalt more dense than granite?
Granite is a felsic rock (which means it has a high feldspar and silica content), composed of quartz, potassium-rich feldspar, and mica. Mafic rocks contain denser minerals and therefore, oceanic crust is denser than continental crust (the average density of basalt is 3.0 g/cm3 and granite is 2.7 g/cm3).
What are the three environments in which basalt is formed?
Basalt-Forming Environments. Most of the basalt found on Earth was produced in just three rock-forming environments: 1) oceanic divergent boundaries, 2) oceanic hotspots, and 3) mantle plumes and hotspots beneath continents. The images on this page feature some of these basalt-forming environments.
What type of rock is the oceanic crust made of?
The oceanic crust lies atop Earth’s mantle, as does the continental crust. Mantle rock is composed mostly of peridotite, which consists primarily of the mineral olivine with small amounts of pyroxene and amphibole.
How is basalt formed at a divergent plate boundary?
Basalts at Oceanic Divergent Boundaries. Most of Earth’s basalt is produced at divergent plate boundaries on the mid-ocean ridge system (see map). Here convection currents deliver hot rock from deep in the mantle. This hot rock melts as the divergent boundary pulls apart, and the molten rock erupts onto the sea floor.
What is the cumulate layer of the oceanic crust?
Oceanic crust. This layered structure is called cumulate, meaning that the layers (which measure up to several metres thick) result from the sedimentation of minerals out of the liquid magma. The layers in the cumulate gabbro have less silica but are richer in iron and magnesium than the upper portions of the crust.
