How does homocysteine cause oxidative stress?
How does homocysteine cause oxidative stress?
The results suggest that Hcy activates PAR-4, which induces production of reactive oxygen species by increasing NADPH oxidase and decreasing thioredoxin expression and reduces NO bioavailability in cultured MVEC by 1) increasing NO2-tyrosine formation and 2) accumulating ADMA by decreasing DDAH expression.
How does oxidative stress cause heart disease?
Increased ROS lead to decreased nitric oxide availability and vasoconstriction, promoting arterial hypertension. ROS also negatively influence myocardial calcium handling, causing arrhythmia, and augment cardiac remodeling by inducing hypertrophic signaling and apoptosis.
What region of the heart is most sensitive to oxidative stress?
As outlined in Part 1 of this review, oxidative stress is an imbalance between the generation and detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) 1, 2. In patients with HF, oxidative stress occurs in the myocardium 3, 4 and plasma, and correlates with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction (5).
What is induced oxidative stress?
Increased oxidative stress, defined as an imbalance between prooxidants and antioxidants, resulting in molecular damage and disruption of redox signaling, is associated with numerous pathophysiological processes and known to exacerbate chronic diseases.
What is oxidative damage heart?
Advances in cardiovascular research have identified oxidative stress as an important pathophysiological pathway in the development and progression of heart failure. Oxidative stress is defined as the imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the endogenous antioxidant defence system.
How does homocysteine cause heart disease?
How is a high homocysteine level harmful? High homocysteine levels in the blood can damage the lining of the arteries. High levels may also make the blood clot more easily than it should. This can increase the risk of blood vessel blockages.
