What is the Subtelomeric region?
What is the Subtelomeric region?
Subtelomeres are gene rich regions and RNAs produced by these regions include transcripts from multi-copy protein-encoding gene families, single genes, and a large variety of non-coding RNAs (reviewed in Ref. 45).
What are the main regions of chromosomes?
These are listed as follows:
- Chromatids.
- Arms.
- Centromere.
- Kinetochore.
- Telomere.
- Sub telomere.
- satellite chromosome or trabant.
- NOR region.
How many chromosomal regions are there?
Our genetic information is stored in 23 pairs of chromosomes that vary widely in size and shape.
Does RNA have telomeric regions?
The telomerase reverse transcriptase and its associated RNA bind to the very end of the telomere via a sequence in the RNA and specific protein-protein interactions. In addition to the template, there are 3 other conserved regions in telomerase RNA that are essential for normal telomerase activity.
Do all cells have telomeres?
Telomerase regulation in human somatic cells. Most human somatic cells do not produce active telomerase and do not maintain stable telomere length with proliferation. Most or all do have telomerase RNP, which raises the possibility of a second telomerase function independent of DNA synthesis.
Does telomerase contain DNA?
Telomerase is an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase, meaning an enzyme that can make DNA using RNA as a template. It extends (adds nucleotides to) the overhanging strand of the telomere DNA using this complementary RNA as a template.
What is the telomere problem?
Abstract. Telomeres are complex nucleoprotein structures that protect the extremities of linear chromosomes. Telomere replication is a major challenge because many obstacles to the progression of the replication fork are concentrated at the ends of the chromosomes. This is known as the telomere replication problem.
What are the pericentromeric and subtelomeric regions?
On the human Y chromosome as well as other primate Y chromosomes, the pericentromeric and subtelomeric regions are the most important. The pericentromeric region is the area around the centromere of the chromosome. However, there exist issues in mapping of these pericentromeric issues.
What are the variants of subtelomere?
Variations of subtelomere. Variation of subtelomeric regions are mostly variation on STRs, due to recombination of large-scale stretches delimited by (TTAGGG)n-like repeated sequences, which play an important role in recombination and transcription. Haplotype (DNA sequence variants) and length differences are therefore observed between individuals.
What are the subtelomeric repeats (STR)?
Between the core X and the Y’ element or the core X and TTAGGG sequence there is often a set of 4 subtelomeric repeats elements (STR): STR-A, STR-B, STR-C and STR-D which consists of multiple copies of the vertebrate telomeric motif TTAGGG.
How common are segmental duplications in subtelomeric regions?
Segmental duplication in subtelomeric regions are similar to those pericentromeric in that they are enriched in interchromosomal segmental duplications. Thirty of the forty-two subtelomeric regions contain segmental duplications. However, these total only 2.6Mb.
