What are the periodontal tissues?
What are the periodontal tissues?
Periodontal tissues include four defined structures: gingiva, cementum, alveolar bone, and the periodontal ligament. The following landmarks are crucial to the understanding of the support structures of the tooth and the aetiopathogenesis of periodontal disease.
What is periodontal ligament anatomy?
The periodontal ligament, which is often abbreviated as the PDL, is a group of specialized connective tissue fibers that attach the tooth to the alveolar bone. The PDL inserts into root cementum on one side and onto alveolar bone on the other.
What are the 4 components of the periodontium?
The periodontium is a connective tissue consisting of four components: cementum, the periodontal ligament (PDL), alveolar bone, and gingival tissue.
What tissue forms the periodontal ligament?
The Periodontal Ligament (PDL) can be defined as a fibrous joint that anchors the root of the tooth to the alveolar bone socket. Made of fibrous connective tissue, it holds the tooth in sprung suspension enabling the tooth to take on the mechanical pressure during function.
What three tissues make up the periodontium?
Periodontium is composed of the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone.
What is the pulp?
The pulp is a mass of connective tissue that resides within the center of the tooth, directly beneath the layer of dentin. Referred to as part of the “dentin-pulp” complex, and also known as the endodontium, these two tissues are closely interrelated and dependent on each other’s development and survival.
How is the periodontal ligament formed?
The periodontal ligament is a unique specialised connective tissue between the cementum covering the tooth root and the alveolar bone. It is derived from the dental follicle region, which originates from the cranial neural crest cells [1]. The ligament has an array of oriented fibres and is vascular.
What is the shape of periodontal ligament?
We have shown that PDLFs have a flat shape with long processes or a wing-like shape, while PDL bundles are a multiple-branched structure wrapped in thin sheets of PDLF cytoplasm. Furthermore, PDLFs form an extensive cellular network between the cementum and alveolar bone.
What are the layers of the periodontium?
There are four tissues that constitute the periodontium: cementum; the periodontal ligament (PDL); alveolar bone; and the gingiva.
Where is the periodontal ligament?
tooth root
The periodontal ligament is only found between the tooth root and adjacent bone and does not support the outer gum tissues. The complex nature of the PDL tissue allows the tooth to properly function during chewing and to withstand the pressure from grinding or clenching.
What is the difference between periodontium and periodontal?
The periodontal tissues (“the periodontium”) include the superficial gingival tissues, the alveolar bone of the tooth socket, dental cementum covering the tooth root, and the periodontal ligament itself which attaches the tooth to the alveolar bone.
What is the most important tissue of the periodontium?
The gingiva is the covering tissue of the periodontium and offers immediate protection for the underlying tissues as well as additional attachment of the tooth.
