What is a epigeal in biology?
What is a epigeal in biology?
Epigeal germination is the type of germination in which the cotyledons rise out of the soil due to the elongation of the hypocotyl. The hypocotyl is the part of the stem of an embryo plant beneath the stalks of the cotyledons.
What is epigeal embryo emergence in seeds?
Epigeal germination: Seed germination in dicots in which the cotyledons come above the soil surface. In this type, the hypocotyl elongates and raises the cotyledons above the ground surface, it is called as epigeous or epigeal germination.
What is the difference between hypogeal and epigeal emergence?
In hypogeal emergence the cotyledons remain below the soil surface during seedling development, while in epigeal emergence the cotyledons extend above the soil surface due to elongation of the hypocotyl. Here we examine the effect of seed size, and emergence type, on seedling growth.
What happens in epigeal germination?
In epigeal germination, the cotyledons are pushed above the ground and then germination takes place above the ground. The cotyledons are pushed upwards due to the elongation hypocotyl. The hypocotyl lies between the radicle and cotyledons. In this germination, the cotyledon germinates below the ground.
What are epigeal plants?
Epigeal germination (Ancient Greek ἐπίγαιος [epígaios] ‘above ground’, from ἐπί [epíon’ and γῆ [gê] ‘earth, ground’) is a botanical term indicating that the germination of a plant takes place above the ground. An example of a plant with epigeal germination is the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris).
What does the word hypogeal mean?
Definition of hypogeal 1 : growing or living below the surface of the ground. 2 of a cotyledon : remaining below the ground while the epicotyl elongates.
Is green gram epigeal or hypogeal?
Mostly, the monocot seeds are the ones that show hypogeal germination prominently. Hypogeal germination occurs in several plants, including maize, arum, water lily, gram, pea, and coconut.
What is meant by hypogeal germination?
Hypogeal germination (from Ancient Greek ὑπόγειος [hupógeios] ‘below ground’, from ὑπό [hupó] ‘below’ and γῆ [gê] ‘earth, ground’) is a botanical term indicating that the germination of a plant takes place below the ground. An example of a plant with hypogeal germination is the pea (Pisum sativum).
Is Rice an epigeal?
All monocotyledons show hypogeal germination (Fig. Among dicotyledons, gram, pea (Fig. 4.2), groundnut are some common examples of hypogeal germination. In monocotyledons (e.g., wheat, maize, rice, coconut) radicle and plumule come out by piercing the coleorrhiza and coleoptile respectively.
What is horticulture stratification?
Stratification is a method of handling dormant seed in which the imbibed seeds are subjected to a period of chilling to after ripen the embryo in alternate layers of sand or soil for a specific period. The seeds can be sown after fruit drop. The seeds can be sown immediately after stratification in the field.
What is epigeal germination?
Epigeal germination is a process of germination in which the cotyledons emerge out of the soil due to the elongation action of the hypocotyl. The hypocotyl is generally the part of the stem of an embryo plant beneath the stalks of the seed leaves or cotyledons and directly above the root.
What is the meaning of the word epigeal?
Definition of epigeal. 1 of a cotyledon : forced above ground by elongation of the hypocotyl. 2 : marked by the production of epigeal cotyledons epigeal germination. 3 : living on or near the surface of the ground also : relating to or being the environment near the surface of the ground.
What is the difference between epigeal and hypogeal seeds?
Generally dicot seeds show this type of germination (Epigeal). Generally monocot seeds show hypogeal germination. Epigeal germination occurs in beans, Alisma, onion and, papaya, castor. Hypogeal germination occurs in coconut, pea, gram, water lily, arum and maize.
What is the function of the cotyledon in epigeal germination?
The energy for growth in epigeal germination is mainly derived from the cotyledon. In this type of germination, the cotyledons turn green, act as the first leaves of the plant and take part in photosynthesis. The plumule remains enclosed and protected by cotyledons till it comes out of the soil.
