What is a syngeneic mouse model?

What is a syngeneic mouse model?

Syngeneic mouse models, also known as Allograft mouse tumor systems, consist of tumor tissues derived from the same genetic background as a given mouse strain. As the syngeneic mice retain intact immune systems, they are particularly relevant for studies of immunotherapies.

What is a spontaneous mouse model?

Spontaneous mouse models are experimental mice that develop tumors under ordinarily natural condition or that reserve to breed and cultivate due to the abnormal manifestation caused by genetic mutations.

What is orthotopic mouse model?

Orthotopic models involve implantation of tumor cell lines or patient-derived cell xenografts into animal tumor models into the organ or tissue which matches the tumor histotype. This creates a more disease-relevant environment for the assessment of tumor growth, which can be analyzed by optical imaging.

What is autochthonous mouse model?

Autochthonous Mouse Models. Autochthonous mouse models for human cancers are obtained by initiating tumors in a normal cell de novo and within the intact organism. The main advantage of these models is the pathophysiological relevance of the tumor initiation.

How many animal models are there?

There are three main types of animal models: Homologous, Isomorphic and Predictive. Homologous animals have the same causes, symptoms and treatment options as would humans who have the same disease.

What are experimental and spontaneous metastasis models?

Spontaneous metastasis assays involve establishing a primary tumour that is allowed to grow and spread in the host, whereas experimental metastasis assays circumvent the initial growth and invasion stages as a result of directly injecting tumour cells into the circulation.

What is murine model?

Murine models have been adopted as a significant and powerful tool in the study of cancer. The applications of murine models of cancer are numerous: mechanism discovery, oncogenesis, molecular genetics, microenvironment, metastasis, and therapeutic efficacy.

Is Rat a murine?

The Old World rats and mice, part of the subfamily Murinae in the family Muridae, comprise at least 519 species. Members of this subfamily are called murines.

What are syngeneic mouse models used for?

A syngeneic mouse model (e.g., 4T1 and MC38 cell lines), however, provides an effective approach for studying how cancer therapies perform in the presence of a functional immune system. Figure 1: Diagram of syngeneic mouse models.

What are sysyngeneic models?

Syngeneic models are allografts immortalized from mouse cancer cell lines, which are then engrafted back into the same inbred immunocompetent mouse strain. The identical host and cell line strain means that tumor rejection doesn’t occur, creating an immunocompetent model for immunotherapy assessment.

What is syngeneic studies?

Syngeneic Studies. A syngeneic mouse model, also known as an allograft mouse tumor system, provides an effective approach for studying how cancer therapies perform in the presence of a functional immune system.

How can I optimize a syngeneic model for my application?

A syngeneic model can be optimized for a specific application and study by carefully choosing the cell line used. Classical syngeneic models show only murine interactors. These models can be optimized for a specific application by genetically “humanizing” a target of interest in the recipient mouse or tumor cells.