What are the two types of mass movement in geography?
What are the two types of mass movement in geography?
The types of mass movements caused by the above factors include: the abrupt movement and free fall of loosened blocks of solid rock, known as rockfalls; several types of almost imperceptible downslope movement of surficial soil particles and rock debris, collectively called creep; the subsurface creep of rock material.
What are the 3 types of mass movement geography?
Types of mass movement
- Rockfall. Bits of rock fall off the cliff face, usually due to freeze-thaw weathering.
- Mudflow. Saturated soil (soil filled with water) flows down a slope.
- Landslide. Large blocks of rock slide downhill.
- Rotational slip. Saturated soil slumps down a curved surface.
What are two different types of slow mass movement?
The most common mass-wasting types are falls, rotational and translational slides, flows, and creep. Falls are abrupt rock movements that detach from steep slopes or cliffs. Rocks separate along existing natural breaks such as fractures or bedding planes. Movement occurs as free-falling, bouncing, and rolling.
What is Solifluction geography?
solifluction, flowage of water-saturated soil down a steep slope. Because permafrost is impermeable to water, soil overlying it may become oversaturated and slide downslope under the pull of gravity.
What is mass movement in geography coasts?
Mass movement is the downhill movement of sediment that moves because of gravity. There are four different types of mass movement. Bits of rock fall off the cliff face, usually due to freeze-thaw weathering.
What are the 5 type of mass movement?
Types of Mass Movement: Creep; Fall, Slip, Flow; Solifluction; Rock Glaciers; Slumping (Earthflow); Mudflow (lahar); Debris Flow, Debris Slide, Debris Avalanche; Rockslide; Rockfall; Debris Fall.
Which type of mass movement is the fastest?
Rockfalls occur when rock fragments fall from steep cliffs. This is the fastest type of mass movement. The fragments may be as tiny as pebbles or as huge as giant boulders.
How does mass movement affect coastal landforms?
Damp soil moves very slowly down the slope as the weight of water pushes it forwards. Rain splash may release soil grains that fall further downslope. Landslides arise when rocks and unconsolidated material on the cliff face are saturated with water (rain or wave-splash). Eventually the material slips down the slope.
What is solifluction mass wasting?
Solifluction is a collective name for gradual processes in which a mass moves down a slope (“mass wasting”) related to freeze-thaw activity. This is the standard modern meaning of solifluction, which differs from the original meaning given to it by Johan Gunnar Andersson in 1906.
What is the difference between an Earthflow and a debris flow?
A debris flow is the movement of a water-laden mass of loose mud, sand, soil, rock and debris down a slope. A debris flow can dash down the slope, reaching speeds of 100 miles per hour or greater. An earthflow is a flow of fine-grained material that typically develops at the lower end of a slope.
What is a Subaerial process?
Sub-aerial processes refer to the processes of weathering and mass movement. Weathering is the breaking down of rock in situ. It can be divided into mechanical and chemical weathering. Mechanical weathering refers to physical processes like freeze-thaw action and biological weathering.
What are the sub-aerial processes?
Sub-Aerial Processes. Sub-aerial process are land-based processes which alter the shape of the coastline. These are a combination of weathering and mass movement. Sub-aerial processes – weathering. Weathering is the decay and disintegration of rock in situ. There are two main types of weathering that affect the coast.
What are the subaerial processes involved in weathering?
The job of weathering is to debilitate precipices. This debilitating velocity increases the pace of erosion. Another sub-aerial procedure is mass development. A mass development alludes to the development of material downslope affected by gravity.
What type of mass movement occurs along the coast?
One of the most common types of mass movement along the coast are rotational slumps. The video below shows slumping at Mappleton, Holderness Coast. Slumps happen because of a number of factors. Firstly, marine processes erode and undermine the base of the cliff.
How do weathering and mass movement affect coastal recession rates?
Subaerial processes (weathering and mass movement) work together to influence rates of coastal recession. Weathering weakens rocks above high tide mark, making mass movement easier by reducing the internal cohesion of the rock.
