What causes dyskinesia?
What causes dyskinesia?
Dyskinesia is most commonly caused by medications, such as long term use of levodopa in Parkinson’s disease and use of antipsychotic medications. Dyskinesia caused by brain injury such as vascular event ( stroke) or other brain damage is less common. Movement symptoms typically start as minor shakes, tics, or tremors.
What is episodic and paroxysmal disorders?
“Paroxysmal” is a fancy word for episodic phenomena, as opposed to chronic phenomena. Many paroxysms are epileptic seizures coming in bursts in abnormal brain waves and correlated with clinically obvious seizure manifestations.
What is paroxysmal dystonia?
Paroxysmal Dystonia – paraoxysmal dyskinesias. The term paroxysmal indicates that symptoms are noticeable at certain times. The term dyskinesia broadly refers to movements of the body that are involuntary. Identifying the types of movements associated with PD is complicated. When mild, choreic movements my resemble fidgeting.
What happens during a paroxysmal dyskinesia attack?
Between attacks most people are generally neurologically normal, and there is no loss of consciousness during the attacks. Paroxysmal dyskinesias are sometimes classified under the dystonia umbrella, and sometimes considered a separate category of movement disorders.
What are the symptoms of dystonia?
Episodes tend to last for short periods of time and between attacks there are usually no other visible symptoms. Some forms of paroxysmal dystonia are triggered by things such as sudden movement, fatigue, coffee, and alcohol.
What is the difference between dynamic dystonia and ballistic movements?
Dystonia occurs when opposing muscles are contracting simultaneously. The activation of these muscles may “overflow” to other muscle groups unintentionally. Ballistic movements are more severe limb movements that involve portions of the limb such as the shoulder and elbow, and hip and knee.
