What tests should be performed upon initial diagnosis of hypertension?
What tests should be performed upon initial diagnosis of hypertension?
Patients with a new diagnosis of hypertension should be evaluated with a history and physical exam and the following initial studies: serum potassium and creatinine, fasting serum glucose and lipid panel, hematocrit, urinalysis, and electrocardiogram (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, based on a consensus of expert …
What investigations should be done for hypertension?
Tests
- Ambulatory monitoring. This 24-hour blood pressure monitoring test is used to confirm if you have high blood pressure.
- Lab tests. Your doctor may recommend a urine test (urinalysis) and blood tests, including a cholesterol test.
- Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG).
- Echocardiogram.
What blood tests are done for hypertension?
Blood tests, including measurement of electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine levels (to assess kidney involvement) Lipid profile for levels of various kinds of cholesterol. Special tests for hormones of the adrenal gland or thyroid gland. Urine tests for electrolytes and hormones.
What is the initial treatment for hypertension?
Initial first-line therapy for stage 1 hypertension includes thiazide diuretics, CCBs, and ACE inhibitors or ARBs. Two first-line drugs of different classes are recommended with stage 2 hypertension and average BP of 20/10 mm Hg above the BP target.
Is systolic or diastolic more important?
Over the years, research has found that both numbers are equally important in monitoring heart health. However, most studies show a greater risk of stroke and heart disease related to higher systolic pressures compared with elevated diastolic pressures.
When is hypertension diagnosed?
High blood pressure used to be diagnosed at a measurement of 140/90 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) or higher. Now these authorities state that if your blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg or higher, you have hypertension. A normal blood pressure measurement is the same as it was before: less than 120/80 mm Hg.
Why is a urinalysis done for hypertension?
Urinalysis is used to screen for causes of secondary hypertension, and to look for damage to the kidneys as a result of untreated hypertension.
Why is a CBC ordered for hypertension?
The complete blood count (CBC) may indicate anemia due to chronic renal disease (Medscape). Anemia is a risk factor of ischemic heart disease (Pubmed). HTN is also a risk factor for CAD.
Why is CBC done in hypertension?
Evaluation of hypertensive emergencies Electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine levels are used to identify renal impairment. A complete blood cell (CBC) count and smear help exclude microangiopathic anemia.
Why are ACE inhibitors first line for hypertension?
ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) effectively lower blood pressure (BP) through inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system and are equally recommended as first-line medications in the treatment of hypertension.
Which beta blocker is best for hypertension?
Propranolol and atenolol have been studied most intensely in hypertension. For secondary prevention of myocardial infarction, the evidence is best for timolol. Sotalol is probably the best antiarrhythmic among the beta-blockers. Whether any individual beta-blocker is best for heart failure remains to be seen.
What is a healthy SYS DIA and pulse?
A normal blood pressure reading almost always falls within the 120 to 130 beats per minute range. If someone is in excellent physical condition, the heart rate will beat at 120 or less beats per minute, systolic pressure. The diastolic pressure in a normal blood pressure reading will be between 80 -90 beats per minute.
What is the proper workup of a patient with hypertension?
In adults with untreated office BPs that are consistently between 120 mm Hg and 129 mm Hg for SBP or between 75 mm Hg and 79 mm Hg for DBP, screening for masked hypertension with home BPM (or ABPM) is reasonable.
What is primary prevention for hypertension?
The upper limit of dietary sodium intake should not exceed 2,400 mg per day. * Diet that is rich in fruits and vegetables is highly recommended for primary prevention of hypertension. * It is also proven that some Calcium supplements can moderately help in lowering down a high blood pressure.
What are the main causes of Stage 1 hypertension?
Old Age- The reasons for the development of stage 1 hypertension with age are: being less active, arteries getting hardened, decrease in the functioning of kidneys, hormonal changes, for example, menopause.
What are the nursing interventions for hypertension?
One nursing intervention related to hypertension is monitoring and recording the patient’s blood pressure using the correct cuff size and technique, according to Nurseslabs.
