What is pseudo colonic obstruction?
What is pseudo colonic obstruction?
Pseudo-obstruction is characterized by signs and symptoms of a mechanical obstruction of the small or large bowel in the absence of a mechanical cause. Pseudo-obstruction may be acute or chronic and is characterized by the presence of dilation of the bowel on imaging.
What is the most common cause of colonic obstruction?
The most common causes of large-bowel obstructions (LBO) are colon carcinoma and volvulus. Approximately 60% of mechanical LBOs are caused by malignancies, 20% are caused by diverticular disease, and 5% are the result of colonic volvulus.
What causes Ogilvie syndrome?
Cause. Ogilvie syndrome may occur after surgery, especially following coronary artery bypass surgery and total joint replacement. Drugs that disturb colonic motility (such as anticholinergics or opioid analgesics) contribute to the development of this condition.
What causes colonic pseudo-obstruction?
Infections, surgery, or certain drugs can also cause secondary intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Mutations in other genes involved in smooth muscle contraction can also cause intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Studies suggest that mutations in additional genes that have not been identified can also result in this condition.
What is pseudo blockage?
Intestinal pseudo-obstruction describes an intestinal disorder that can mimic intestinal obstruction (blockage of the intestine). However, when tests are performed, no blockage is found. For proper absorption, food needs to move in an orderly way along the intestine.
Does Ogilvie syndrome go away?
Ogilvie syndrome can be managed with conservative treatment, but if unrecognized and untreated can lead to serious, potentially life-threatening complications. Ogilvie syndrome was first described in the medical literature in 1948 by a British surgeon named Sir William Ogilvie.
What is acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO)?
Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO) is a rare condition characterised by acute colonic dilatation in the absence of mechanical obstruction. It was first described by Sir William Ogilvie in 1948, in two patients with malignant infiltration of the pre-vertebral ganglia.
What is the most common site of obstruction in colonic obstruction?
The major sites of obstruction include the cecum, hepatic and splenic flexures, and recto-sigmoid colon. LBO occurs more frequently within the left colon ( 5 ). The etiology of the LBO may be suggested by the specific symptoms and presentation of the patient.
What causes a diffusely dilated colon on abdominal radiographs?
One of the challenges facing radiologists and clinicians is determining the cause of a diffusely dilated colon (≥ 6 cm) on abdominal radiographs. Pseudo-obstruction, dilatation of the colon without mechanical obstruction, can occur as a result of adynamic ileus, ACPO (also known as Ogilvie syndrome), or toxic megacolon.
What is the role of Radiology in small bowel obstruction (SBO)?
Radiologists have a pivotal role in clinical decision making in cases of SBO by providing answers to specific questions that significantly affect management. Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a common clinical condition that occurs secondary to mechanical or functional obstruction of the small bowel, preventing normal transit of its contents.
