What is drug-induced liver disease?
What is drug-induced liver disease?
Drug-induced hepatitis is a redness and swelling (inflammation) of the liver that is caused by a harmful (toxic) amount of certain medicines. The liver helps to break down certain medicines in your blood. If there is too much medicine in your blood for your liver to break down, your liver can become badly damaged.
What is the pathophysiology of drug-induced hepatitis?
The pathogenesis of drug-induced liver injury usually involves the participation of a toxic drug or metabolite that either elicits an immune response or directly affects the biochemistry of the cell. In either case, the resultant cell death is the event that leads to the clinical manifestation of hepatitis [2, 6].
How can drug-induced liver injury be prevented?
Prevention of drug-induced liver injury includes vigilance, identification of risk factors, ALT monitoring with certain drugs, and safer marketing strategies.
How long does it take for drug-induced hepatitis to resolve?
In the typical case, however, improvement starts within a week or two of stopping therapy, and the injury resolves completely within 2 to 3 months. The timing of recovery in relation to stopping the drug provides support for the agent being the cause of the injury.
What is the meaning of drug-induced?
drug-induced in the Pharmaceutical Industry A drug-induced state or reaction is provoked by a drug. Narcotic overdoses cause a number of drug-induced deaths. Psychosis brought on by drug use is called drug-induced psychosis. A drug-induced state or reaction is provoked by a drug.
What happens in drug-induced liver injury?
Patients with drug-induced fatty liver may have only a few symptoms, or none. They typically have mild to moderate elevations in blood levels of ALT and AST, and also may develop enlarged livers. In severe cases, drug-induced fatty liver can lead to cirrhosis and liver failure.
Which antibiotics are hepatotoxic?
Frequency and characteristics of antibiotic-induced hepatotoxicity
| Antibiotic . | Incidence . |
|---|---|
| amoxicillin/clavulanate | 1–17 per 100 000 prescriptions |
| cephalosporins (ceftriaxone) | up to 25% of adult patients and ∼40% of paediatric patients |
| Macrolides/ketolides | |
| erythromycin | <4 cases per 100 000 prescriptions |
What drugs elevate liver enzymes?
Many medications can cause increases in AST, such as acetaminophen, NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors, nicotinic acid, INH, sulfonamides, erythromycin, and antifungal agents such as griseofulvin and fluconazole. In acetaminophen overdose, transaminase levels greater than 10,000 IU/L are also noted.
Can alcohol induced hepatitis be cured?
There is no cure for alcoholic hepatitis, but treatment will aim to reduce or eliminate symptoms and stop the progression of the disease. Scarring of the liver is permanent, but the liver can repair some of the damage. Treatment aims to restore as much normal function to the liver as possible.
Which type of hepatitis is not curable?
Chronic hepatitis B is not curable, but it is treatable. The goal of therapy is to reduce the risk of complications, including premature death.
What drugs cause autoimmune hepatitis?
Drug induced autoimmune hepatitis (DIAIH) has been reported to be caused by several drugs. Minocyline, nitrofurantain, halothane , tienciclic acid, dihydralazine, methyldopa, ornidazole, alpha and beta interferon , statins , fibrates and anti- TNFα agents are the examples of reported drugs that may induce AIH [3-5].
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