What is serotype in biology?
What is serotype in biology?
A serotype or serovar is a distinct variation within a species of bacteria or virus or among immune cells of different individuals. These microorganisms, viruses, or cells are classified together based on their surface antigens, allowing the epidemiologic classification of organisms to the subspecies level.
What is a serotype in a vaccine?
A serotype is defined as one which either exhibits no cross-reaction with others, or shows a homologous/heterologous titer ratio greater than 16 (in both directions). From: Virus Taxonomy, 2005.
What is difference between serovar and serotype?
is that serotype is a group of microorganisms characterised by a specific set of antigens while serovar is a group of microorganisms characterised by a specific set of antigens.
What is a serotype of a virus?
Serotypes are groups within a single species of microorganisms, such as bacteria or viruses, which share distinctive surface structures.
What is the difference between strain and serotype?
That strain has demonstrably different properties from the human strain. There are other terms to describe viruses but they are more confusing than contentious, and they are not used universally. The term serotype is used to describe viruses of the same species that are antigenically different.
Why do we serotype?
Serology refers to the antibodies that form because of a viral or bacterial infection. Serotyping is sometimes referred to as serology, but this is technically inaccurate. Since the 1960s, public health scientists in the US have used serotyping to help find Salmonella outbreaks and track them to their sources.
How many AAV serotypes are there?
Eleven serotypes
AAV Serotypes Eleven serotypes of AAV have thus far been identified, with the best characterized and most commonly used being AAV2. These serotypes differ in their tropism, or the types of cells they infect, making AAV a very useful system for preferentially transducing specific cell types.
What is PV in scientific name?
Pathovars are named as a ternary or quaternary addition to the species binomial name, for example the bacterium that causes citrus canker Xanthomonas axonopodis, has several pathovars with different host ranges, X. axonopodis pv. citri is one of them; the abbreviation ‘pv. ‘ means pathovar.
How do you determine serotype?
The serotype is determined by agglutination of the bacteria with specific antisera to identify variants of somatic (O) and flagella (H) antigens. This provides the antigenic formula of the strain associated to the name and subspecies of the serotype.
Can humans get salmonella Bongori?
The Salmonella genus, member of the Enterobacteriaceae family, causes various diseases in humans and animals that range from gastroenteritis to typhoid fever. The genus is taxonomically divided into two species: Salmonella enterica and Salmonella bongori. S.
What is the difference between serotype and biotype?
Biotype can also be taken to mean a group of organisms with the same genotype. Okay, let’s review the key terms from this lesson. We learned that a serotype is a serologically and antigenically distinct variety of microorganism, like a subgroup of a species of bacteria.
What is serovar and genotype?
Serovar is simply a synonym for serotype. Don’t get either term confused with genotype. Genotype refers to an organism’s genetic makeup or constitution. This is not the same thing as phenotype! The latter refers to the expressed features of an organism. A genotype is the entire collection of an organism’s genetic information.
How do you determine the specific serotype of a microorganism?
The specific serotype of a microorganism can be determined by mixing samples of the microorganism with different samples of antibodies. If a mixture of the microorganism and antiserum cause clumps to form, the serotype can be identified.
What is the relationship between genotype and strain?
Genotype, which is concerned with the genetic makeup of the organism, contributes to both the characteristics of the strain and serotype. This is due to the fact that the genetic makeup of the organism will ultimately contribute to its general characteristics. Therefore, genotype has a direct impact on the type of strain and serotypes.
