How do you isolate micromonospora?

How do you isolate micromonospora?

(i) To isolate micromonosporae, a water suspension of air-dried soil is first treated with 1.5% phenol, diluted with water and then cultured on HV agar supplemented with both tunicamycin and nalidixic acid. (ii) To isolate microbisporae, air-dried soil is heated in a hot-air oven at 120°C for 1 h.

Is Micromonospora Gram positive or negative?

Micromonospora is a genus of bacteria of the family Micromonosporaceae. They are gram-positive, spore-forming, generally aerobic, and form a branched mycelium; they occur as saprotrophic forms in soil and water.

How does aminoglycoside work?

Aminoglycosides inhibit protein synthesis by binding, with high affinity, to the A-site on the 16S ribosomal RNA of the 30S ribosome (Kotra et al. 2000).

What is the route of gentamicin?

Gentamicin is normally given by the intramuscular route, but can be given intravenously when intramuscular administration is not feasible, e.g. in shocked or severely burned patients.

How is gentamicin administered?

Gentamicin injection comes as a liquid to be injected intravenously (into a vein) or intramuscularly (into a muscle). When gentamicin is injected intravenously, it is usually infused (injected slowly) over a period of 30 minutes to 2 hours once every 6 or 8 hours.

How does gentamicin work on Gram negative bacteria?

Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is bactericidal. Gentamicin passes through the gram-negative membrane in an Oxygen-dependent active transport. As oxygen is required, this is why aminoglycosides are not effective in anaerobic bacteria.

Does gentamicin cover Gram-positive cocci?

Medical uses. Gentamicin is active against a wide range of bacterial infections, mostly Gram-negative bacteria including Pseudomonas, Proteus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Serratia, and the Gram-positive Staphylococcus.

When do you give aminoglycosides?

(1) Aminoglycosides should be used only when their unique antibiotic potency is needed, such as treatment of infection in critically ill patients, and in nosocomial infections or infections with organisms resistant to less toxic therapies.

What is a Gram stain used for?

The Gram stain is fundamental to the phenotypic characterization of bacteria. The staining procedure differentiates organisms of the domain Bacteria according to cell wall structure. Gram-positive cells have a thick peptidoglycan layer and stain blue to purple. Gram-negative cells have a thin peptidoglycan layer and stain red to pink.

How do you stain bacterial slides with Gram stain?

Steps Place a small drop of bacterial sample on a slide. Use a dropper to apply the primary stain (crystal violet) to the slide and allow it to sit for 1 minute. Use a dropper to apply Gram’s iodine to the slide to fix the crystal violet to the cell wall.

What is the difference between Gram positive and Gram negative staining?

Both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria pick up the pink stain, but it is not visible over the darker purple of the gram-positive bacteria. If the staining procedure is performed correctly, gram-positive bacteria will be purple, while gram-negative bacteria will be pink.

How does the thickness of the smear affect the Gram stain?

The thickness of the smear used in the Gram stain will affect the result of the stain. The step that is most crucial in effecting the outcome of the stain is the decolorizing step. Over-decolorizing will lead to an erroneous result where gram-positive cells may stain pink to red