How do you prevent vaccinia virus?
How do you prevent vaccinia virus?
Avoiding vaccination of high-risk individuals (eg, immunosuppressed patients, pregnant women) can prevent vaccinia complications. Recent vaccinees also should avoid high-risk individuals for up to 21 days after vaccination.
How do you store virus stock?
Keep the virus stock on ice. Sonicate twice for 30 sec in ice water, with a 30 sec rest on ice between, and divide it into 0.5- to 2-ml aliquots. Store the aliquots indefinitely at −80°C.
How is virus harvested from cell culture?
Infected host cells (eukaryotic or prokaryotic) can be cultured and grown, and then the growth medium can be harvested as a source of virus. Virions in the liquid medium can be separated from the host cells by either centrifugation or filtration.
How do viruses propagate?
To multiply, a virus has to enter a living cell. Thereafter, the viral genome is released from the capsid, and interacts with the host cell in order to replicate and to produce viral proteins.
What temperature are viruses stored at?
An archived preparation of virus is usually thought of as a frozen vial of virus suspension stored at -70°C or lower. Our study shows that for the viruses examined here, archival virus stocks do maintain similar viability as when initially prepared.
How does reproduction take place in virus?
Viruses cannot replicate on their own, but rather depend on their host cell’s protein synthesis pathways to reproduce. This typically occurs by the virus inserting its genetic material in host cells, co-opting the proteins to create viral replicates, until the cell bursts from the high volume of new viral particles.
What’s the difference between inoculation and variolation?
The term variolation refers solely to inoculation with smallpox virus and is related to but not interchangeable with vaccination. The latter term was first used in 1800 soon after Edward Jenner introduced smallpox vaccine derived from cowpox, an animal disease distinct from smallpox.
What is the difference between smallpox and cowpox?
Cowpox is similar to, but much milder than, the highly contagious and often deadly smallpox disease. Its close resemblance to the mild form of smallpox and the observation that dairy farmers were immune to smallpox inspired the modern smallpox vaccine, created and administered by English physician Edward Jenner.
