What is the difference between vertical and horizontal Christmas tree?
What is the difference between vertical and horizontal Christmas tree?
Two main types of subsea Christmas tree are vertical Christmas trees and horizontal Christmas trees. They are different because of valves arrangement. The vertical trees have all valves arranged vertically; whereas, the valves in the horizontal tree are positioned horizontally.
What is a vertical subsea tree?
Subsea tree (wet trees) is a system of valves, flow paths, piping, and connectors installed on a subsea wellhead to contain and control the flow of fluid from a reservoir or from the surface by injection. Two type of subsea Christmas tree are vertical Christmas trees and horizontal Christmas trees.
How does a subsea Christmas tree work?
The functional requirements of a subsea tree are broadly similar to those of a land or platform tree: It is a vital component in the well integrity barrier envelope. It attaches to the wellhead and directs flow through a series of valves to the flowline. It is used to isolate flow from the well.
What is subsea tree?
Used on offshore oil and gas fields, a subsea tree monitors and controls the production of a subsea well. Fixed to the wellhead of a completed well, subsea trees can also manage fluids or gas injected into the well. Subsea trees are used in offshore field developments worldwide, from shallow to ultra-deepwaters.
What is a subsea wellhead?
The subsea wellhead system (Fig. 1) is a pressure-containing vessel that provides a means to hang off and seal off casing used in drilling the well. The wellhead also provides a profile to latch the subsea blowout preventer (BOP) stack and drilling riser back to the floating drilling rig.
What is a subsea tree?
What is a horizontal Christmas tree?
A tubing hanger is located inside of a subsea horizontal tree body. A horizontal tree is well known as a workover friendly tree because it offers easy access for tubing retrieval because the valves are not located at the centre of the wellbore. Figure 1 shows an image of a horizontal subsea tree from GE oil and gas.
What is the difference between blowout preventer and Christmas tree?
The Christmas tree sits atop the wellhead, but it is a separate piece of equipment. Instead a blowout prevention device sits atop the wellhead as the well is drilled and casing/tubing strings are inserted. When the well is moved to production, the Christmas tree is affixed for flow control.
What is a subsea well?
1. n. [Well Completions] A well in which the wellhead, Christmas tree and production-control equipment is located on the seabed.
What is a subsea control module?
Subsea control module (SCM) is the interface between the control system and the tree. It is the main component of the tree-mounted control system. The SCM contains electronics, instrumentation, and hydraulics for safe and efficient operation of subsea tree valves, chokes, and downhole valves.
What is the difference between surface and subsea trees?
Subsea trees differ from surface trees in several important respects: The method of connecting the tree to the wellhead. Specialist equipment is required to install the tree. All tree functions must be capable of remote operation. It is possible for external fluid (seawater) to leak into the wellbore.
What is a subsea Xmas tree and how it works?
A subsea Xmas tree is basically a stack of vertical and horizontal valves installed on a subsea wellhead. It is installed provide a controllable interface between the well and production facilities.
What are the functional requirements of a subsea tree?
The functional requirements of a subsea tree are broadly similar to those of a land or platform tree: It is a vital component in the well integrity barrier envelope. It attaches to the wellhead and directs flow through a series of valves to the flowline.
What is the difference between a horizontal and vertical Xmas tree?
Vertical trees can have dual bore configurations because this allows operators to monitor annulus pressure. In contrast to vertical Xmas tree, the valves of horizontal Xmas tree are located on the lateral sides of the horizontal Xmas tree. This allows for easy well intervention and tubing recovery.
