What is penstock What is its function?
What is penstock What is its function?
A penstock is a sluice or gate or intake structure that controls water flow, or an enclosed pipe that delivers water to hydro turbines and sewerage systems. The term is inherited from the earlier technology of mill ponds and watermills.
What is penstock and its types?
Penstocks or sluice gates are the equivalent of valves used in open channels (though both of these terms are sometimes used to mean other hydraulic control devices and structures). There are types in which flow goes over the gate (weir penstocks), and types where flow goes under the gate (submerged sluice gates).
What is the function of the penstocks in a hydropower dam?
A penstock at a hydroelectric facility. Penstocks are pipes or long channels that carry water down from the hydroelectric reservoir to the turbines inside the actual power station. Generally, they are made of steel and water under high pressure flows through the penstock.
What is penstock in Pelton wheel?
The water impinging on the bucket of a Pelton turbine is shown in Fig 2.3. Fig 2.3. Construction detail The main components of a Pelton Turbine are: (a) Penstock: It is a large size conduit with conveys water from the higher level reservoir turbine, depending upon low head or the high head installations.
Which is the major loss in flow through the penstock?
The various hydraulic losses which occur from penstock intake to power house are (1) entrance losses, (2) friction losses in pipe, (3) losses due to bends, (4) losses due to expansion joints, and (5) losses due to other appurtenances and fittings such as reducers, expanders, valves, dismantling joints, and manholes ( …
How do the various device protect the penstock?
Answer: Valves are designed to close against turbine runaway during an emergency condition. These valves act as isolating devices for inspection of penstock without dewatering entire head race tunnel. These valves close during over velocity condition occurring due to turbine trip or runaway condition.
What factors affect the length of a penstock pipe?
The length of a penstock depends upon the topography of the region and the distance of the waterwheel from the weir or intake.
Where is penstock used in hydroelectric power plant?
Penstocks are used in Hydro-electric power station. Penstocks are installed in such a way that sufficient water depth always remains at the entrance of the penstock at the forebay or surge tank so that air should not enter into the penstock and reduce the efficiency of the turbine.
What are the purposes of using penstock and surge tank in hydro power plant?
The main functions of the surge tank are: When the load decreases, the water moves backward and gets stored in it. 2. When the load increases, an additional supply of water will be provided by the surge tank. 3.
Which of the following type of penstock is used in cold climates?
Buried penstocks
9. Which type of penstock is used in cold climates? Explanation: Buried penstocks are used in cold climates where freezing is expected.
What is the velocity of water in penstock?
2 m/s
In high head hydroelectric power plant, the velocity of water flow in penstock is around. 2 m/s. 4 m/s.
What collects water and directs it to the penstock?
Intake structure is a structure which collects the water from the forebay and directs it into the penstocks.
