What are the different types of empty categories?

What are the different types of empty categories?

There are four main types of null DPs: DP-trace, WH-trace, PRO, and pro.

What is empty constituents?

(By saying that a constituent is null or empty or covert, we mean that it has no overt phonetic form and so is silent.)

What is ECP in linguistics?

In linguistics, the empty category principle (ECP) was proposed in Noam Chomsky’s syntactic framework of government and binding theory. The ECP is supposed to be a universal syntactic constraint that requires certain types of empty categories, namely traces, to be properly governed.

What is little PRO in syntax?

In generative linguistics, PRO (called “big PRO”, distinct from pro, “small pro” or “little pro”) is a pronominal determiner phrase (DP) without phonological content. The presence of PRO in non-finite clauses lacking overt subjects allows a principled solution for problems relating to Binding Theory.

What is big pro in syntax?

In Chomskyan syntax, PRO (also called big PRO, to distinguish it from pro in speech) is a null noun phrase that occurs in a position where it does not get case (or gets null case). PRO’s meaning is determined by control.

What does base generated mean?

From Glottopedia. In generative syntax, whatever is an element of a D-structure is generated by the base component, i.e. base-generated.

What is a null constituent?

Null or ‘covert’ items are constituents that lack a phonological shape and yet are syntactically real. (constituents which have grammatical and semantic features but lack phonetic features, and so are silent or inaudible)

What is head movement syntax?

Head Movement in Syntax argues that verb movement is a narrow syntactic phenomenon that can affect locality constraints. The basic idea explored in the book dates back to Chomsky (1986) where the movement of a verb is proposed to be able to affect and alter a barrier.

What is Subjacency principle?

Subjacency is a general syntactic locality constraint on movement. It specifies restrictions placed on movement and regards it as a strictly local process. This term was first defined by Noam Chomsky in 1973 and constitutes the main concept of the Government and Binding Theory.

What is ECM syntax?

Exceptional case-marking (ECM), in linguistics, is a phenomenon in which the subject of an embedded infinitival verb seems to appear in a superordinate clause and, if it is a pronoun, is unexpectedly marked with object case morphology (him not he, her not she, etc.).

What is a small clause in syntax?

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. In linguistics, a small clause consists of a subject and its predicate, but lacks an overt expression of tense. Small clauses have the semantic subject-predicate characteristics of a clause, and have some, but not all, the properties of a constituent.

What are language components?

The five main components of language are phonemes, morphemes, lexemes, syntax, and context. Along with grammar, semantics, and pragmatics, these components work together to create meaningful communication among individuals.