What do you mean by disseminated tuberculosis?
What do you mean by disseminated tuberculosis?
Disseminated tuberculosis is a mycobacterial infection in which mycobacteria have spread from the lungs to other parts of the body through the blood or lymph system.
What is the meaning of presumptive TB?
Presumptive TB refers to a patient who presents with symptoms or signs suggestive of TB (previously known as a TB suspect).
Is disseminated TB treatable?
A: With treatment, most people will recover from disseminated tuberculosis. However, without treatment, such as may be the case for people living in developing countries, fatality may be likely.
What is the difference between extrapulmonary TB and disseminated TB?
Disseminated, or miliary tuberculosis, often includes pulmonary and extrapulmonary sites. It is estimated that extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) accounts for 15–25% of all cases of TB. HIV patients, especially with low CD4 counts, have higher rates of EPTB. Children are more likely to have skeletal TB than adults.
What does it mean to be clinically diagnosed?
The process of identifying a disease, condition, or injury based on the signs and symptoms a patient is having and the patient’s health history and physical exam. Further testing, such as blood tests, imaging tests, and biopsies, may be done after a clinical diagnosis is made.
What is bacteriologically confirmed TB?
i. Bacteriologically confirmed – A TB patient from whom a biological specimen is positive by smear microscopy, culture or rapid diagnostic tests (such as Xpert MTB/RIF).
What is the global response to tuberculosis (TB)?
The internationally agreed targets for TB, embraced in the United Nations (UN) Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), sought “to halt and reverse the expanding incidence of tuberculosis by 2015,” and this target has been met to some extent in all six WHO regions and in most, but not all, of the world’s 22 high-burden countries (WHO 2014c).
What is the prognosis of tuberculosis (TB) (MTB)?
Only about 10 percent of individuals infected with Mtb progress to active TB disease within their lifetime; the remainder of persons infected successfully contain their infection. One of the challenges of TB is that the pathogen persists in many infected individuals in a latent state for many years and can be reactivated to cause disease.
What is extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB)?
In 2006, the first reports of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB), an even more severe form of drug resistant TB than multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), began to appear. [1,2] MDR-TB is defined as resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin, with or without resistance to other first-line drugs (FLD).
What is the best strategy to combat tuberculosis (TB)?
The basic strategy to combat TB has been, for 40 years, to provide diagnosis and treatment to individuals who are ill and who seek care at a health facility. The premise is that, if patients with active disease are cured, mortality will disappear, prevalence of disease will decline, transmission will decline, and therefore incidence should decline.
