What are thymidine analog mutations?
What are thymidine analog mutations?
Thymidine Analog Mutations (TAMs) TAMs are non-polymorphic mutations selected by the thymidine analogs AZT and d4T. They reduce NRTI susceptibility by facilitating primer unblocking (aka nucleotide excision, pyrophosphorolysis) (87,88,89,90,91,92,93).
Is tenofovir a thymidine analogue?
However, recent clinical trials have demonstrated that the use of thymidine analogue NRTIs and newer alternative backbone NRTIs, such as tenofovir (TNF) and abacavir (ABC), is associated with comparable short-term efficacy and tolerability.
Which of the following antiviral is thymidine analogue?
thymidine and deoxythymidine analogues: stavudine (d4T) telbivudine (hepatitis B) zidovudine (azidothymidine, or AZT)(HIV)
Is zidovudine a thymidine analog?
Zidovudine is an analog of thymidine that inhibits replication of the AIDS virus.
What is genotypic resistance?
Genotypic resistance testing examines the genetic structure (genotype) of a patient’s HIV. A blood sample is taken from the patient, and the HIV is analyzed for the presence of specific genetic mutations that are known to cause resistance to specific drugs.
What is K65R mutation?
K65R is a relatively rare drug resistance mutation (DRM) selected by the NRTIs tenofovir, didanosine, abacavir and stavudine and confers cross-resistance to all NRTIs except zidovudine. Selection by other NRTIs is uncommon.
Is lamivudine a thymidine analogue?
The following abbreviations have been used and may still be encountered in published papers: DDI: didanosine (inosine analogue) 3TC: lamivudine (cytidine analogue) D4T: stavudine (thymidine analogue)
Is Remdesivir a nucleoside analog?
Remdesivir is a nucleoside analog, one of the oldest classes of antiviral drugs. It works by blocking the RNA polymerase that coronaviruses and related RNA viruses need to replicate their genomes and proliferate in the host body.
Do we still use Zidovudine?
Zidovudine, also known as azidothymidine (AZT), was the first antiviral to be approved for the treatment of HIV. Although no longer a first-line agent, zidovudine is still used in combination with other ARVs for the treatment of HIV [39].
What is efavirenz made of?
Efavirenz is chemically described as (S)-6-chloro-(cyclopropylethynyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one. Its empirical formula is C14H9ClF3NO2. Efavirenz is a white to slightly pink crystalline powder with a molecular mass of 315.68 g/mol.