What is the B7 gene?

What is the B7 gene?

B7 is a type of integral membrane protein found on activated antigen-presenting cells (APC) that, when paired with either a CD28 or CD152 (CTLA-4) surface protein on a T cell, can produce a costimulatory signal or a coinhibitory signal to enhance or decrease the activity of a MHC-TCR signal between the APC and the T …

Does CD28 bind to B7?

The binding of CD28 or CTLA-4 receptors on T cells by B7. 1 and B7. 2 ligands on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) can lead to either costimulation or coinhibition depending upon the precise expression patterns of the receptors and ligands and on the state of activation of the two cells.

What is the function of B7?

Biotin, also known as vitamin H or B7, is a water-soluble vitamin that helps the body metabolize fats, carbohydrates, and protein. Water-soluble vitamins are not stored in the body so daily intake is necessary.

What stimulates B7 expression?

CD28 signaling induces CD40L expression and CD40 signaling induces B7 expression, and in dendritic cells and macrophages also induces IL-12 secretion.

Is CD28 a receptor or ligand?

CD28 is the receptor for CD80 (B7. When activated by Toll-like receptor ligands, the CD80 expression is upregulated in antigen-presenting cells (APCs). The CD86 expression on antigen-presenting cells is constitutive (expression is independent of environmental factors).

Is CD28 a ligand?

Consequently, CD86 is the more likely primary ligand for CD28. On T cells CD28 expression is constitutive whereas CTLA-4 is not expressed by resting T cells.

Where is CD80 located?

CD80 can be found on the surface of various immune cells, including B-cells, monocytes, or T-cells, but most typically at antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as dendritic cells.

What role does B7 play in the activation of a naïve T cell?

The B7-1 and B7-2 on DCs transmit signals to the T cells, that is, to naive T cells, resulting in the activation of the naive T cells. Once activated, the T cells transiently express CTLA-4. This CTLA-4 functions by dampening any immune response of the T cells.

What is the function of B9?

Vitamin B9 or folic acid is pivotal for making red blood cells, helping in rapid cell division and growth, synthesis of RNA and DNA and enhancing brain activities.