What is radial and tangential stress?

What is radial and tangential stress?

Also called “Hoop Stress” or “Tangential Stress” it acts on a line perpendicular to the “longitudinal “and the “radial stress;” this stress attempts to separate the pipe wall in the circumferential direction. This stress is caused by internal pressure.

What is radial tensile stress?

Radial stress in a pipe can be defined as the effective stress acting in the radial direction i.e. the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pipe. The stress acts in the radial direction, which is why it’s known as radial stress.

When tangential stress in a cylinder is given by?

Explanation: A cylinder is considered thin when the ratio of inner diameter to wall thickness is more than 15. 2. Tangential stress in a cylinder is given by [symbols have their usual meanings]. Explanation: Considering equilibrium in half portion of cylinder of unit length, DP=2σt.

Why there is no radial stress in thin cylinder?

The cylinder walls will stretch along the circumferential direction due to this force. For a thin cylinder this pressure is not considerable and hence the effect due to this radial pressure is not taken for the analysis.

What is the difference between tangential and radial?

Radial acceleration (a_c) is the acceleration which acts in the radial direction towards the center, it is also called as centripetal acceleration. Tangential acceleration (a_t) is the acceleration which is in the direction tangential to the path of the circle.

What is meant by tangential stress?

Definition of tangential stress : a force acting in a generally horizontal direction especially : a force that produces mountain folding and overthrusting.

What is the difference between hoop stress and radial stress?

circumferential stress, or hoop stress, a normal stress in the tangential (azimuth) direction. radial stress, a normal stress in directions coplanar with but perpendicular to the symmetry axis.

What is the ratio of maximum tangential stress and maximum radial stress?

The maximum tangential stress and maximum radial stress are equal and both occur at (r = 0). Example: A machine is driven by a motor, which exerts a constant torque.

How do you distinguish between a thick and thin cylinder?

The cylinder which has a thickness is less than 1/10 to 1/20 of its Diameter, that cylinder is called a thin cylinder. The cylinder which has Thickness is more than 1/20 of its diameter, that Cylinder is called a thick Cylinder.

What is tangential movement?

Definition of tangential motion : proper motion of a star corrected for the effect of distance and expressed in linear units usually kilometers per second and being that component of the star’s motion with respect to the solar system that is at right angles to the line of sight.

What are tangential and radial components?

The tangential component causes a change in speed and its magnitude is given by at = dv/dt, and the radial component causes a change in direction and its magnitude is given by ar = v2/r, where r is the radius of curvature at the point in question.

What is the difference between tangential and radial stress?

•Cylindrical pressure vessel with wall thickness 1/10 or less of the radius •Radial stress is quite small compared to tangential stress •Average tangential stress •Maximum tangential stress •Longitudinal stress (if ends are closed) Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design r

How do you calculate radial stress in a cylinder?

The stress in radial direction at a point in the tube or cylinder wall can be expressed as: σr = [ (pi ri2 – po ro2) / (ro2 – ri2)] + [ri2 ro2 (po – pi) / (r2 (ro2 – ri2))] (3) maximum stress when r = ro (outside pipe or cylinder) Example – Stress in Thick walled Cylinder

What is radial stress in pressure vessels?

Radial stress is the third—this is the stress “through the radius”—going “outwards from center”. For most pressure vessels, the wall is fairly thin and thus the radial stress is quite modest. But the radial stress is the stress “through the thickness” of the wall.

What is circumferential principal stress?

Circumferential Principal Stress. Also called “Hoop Stress” or “Tangential Stress” it acts on a line perpendicular to the “longitudinal “and the “radial stress;” this stress attempts to separate the pipe wall in the circumferential direction. This stress is caused by internal pressure.