What is the basic structure of DNA and RNA?
What is the basic structure of DNA and RNA?
Summary: Features of DNA and RNA
| DNA | RNA | |
|---|---|---|
| Function | Repository of genetic information | Involved in protein synthesis and gene regulation; carrier of genetic information in some viruses |
| Sugar | Deoxyribose | Ribose |
| Structure | Double helix | Usually single-stranded |
| Bases | C, T, A, G | C, U, A, G |
What is the base structure of RNA?
RNA consists of four nitrogenous bases: adenine, cytosine, uracil, and guanine. Uracil is a pyrimidine that is structurally similar to the thymine, another pyrimidine that is found in DNA. Like thymine, uracil can base-pair with adenine (Figure 2).
What is the structure of DNA bases?
Attached to each sugar is one of four bases–adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), or thymine (T). The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases, with adenine forming a base pair with thymine, and cytosine forming a base pair with guanine.
Does DNA and RNA have structure?
DNA double helix means that the two-stranded structure of DNA structure is common knowledge, RNA’s single stranded format is not as well known. RNA can form into double-stranded structures, such as during translation, when mRNA and tRNA molecules pair.
How do DNA and RNA differ in their structure and function?
DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA contains the sugar ribose. DNA and RNA perform different functions in humans. DNA is responsible for storing and transferring genetic information, while RNA directly codes for amino acids and acts as a messenger between DNA and ribosomes to make proteins.
What is the role of RNA DNA and RNA structure?
DNA and its relative RNA are two of the most important molecules in our bodies. They store the information necessary for the production of proteins (amino acids) and the transfer of genetic information from parent to offspring.
How many bases does DNA have?
four
There are four nucleotides, or bases, in DNA: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T).
What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
There are two differences that distinguish DNA from RNA: (a) RNA contains the sugar ribose, while DNA contains the slightly different sugar deoxyribose (a type of ribose that lacks one oxygen atom), and (b) RNA has the nucleobase uracil while DNA contains thymine.
What are the functional and structural differences in DNA and RNA?
DNA has a double helix structure. RNA has a single helix structure. The nitrogenous bases present in DNA are Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, and Cytosine. The nitrogenous bases present in RNA are Adenine, Guanine, Uracil, and Cytosine.
What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of bases?
DNA is a double-stranded molecule, while RNA is a single-stranded molecule. DNA and RNA base pairing is slightly different since DNA uses the bases adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine; RNA uses adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine. Uracil differs from thymine in that it lacks a methyl group on its ring.
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