How is the basic oxygen furnace charged?
How is the basic oxygen furnace charged?
Basic oxygen furnaces use pig iron and small amounts of scrap as their primary material inputs and typically melt the furnace charge with coke oven, blast furnace, and natural gas. Electricity and fuel oils are used to drive ancillary processes (Fig. 7).
What is the function of basic oxygen furnace?
The basic oxygen furnace (BOF) is a vessel used to convert pig iron, of about 94 percent iron and 6 percent combined impurities such as carbon, manganese, and silicon, into steel with as little as 1 percent combined impurities.
Is a basic oxygen furnace the same as a blast furnace?
Blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace uses iron ore as its base raw material that accounts over just 50% of BOF steel costs, and electric arc furnace uses scrap as its base that represents around 75% of EAF steel cost. The Basic Oxygen Steelmaking process differs from the EAF is that BOF is self-sufficient in energy.
Why is it called basic oxygen furnace?
Blowing oxygen through molten pig iron lowers the carbon content of the alloy and changes it into low-carbon steel. The process is known as basic because fluxes of burnt lime or dolomite, which are chemical bases, are added to promote the removal of impurities and protect the lining of the converter.
How is the basic oxygen furnace heated?
The Blow The Gas Offtake Hood is lowered onto the Furnace. The water cooled Oxygen Lance is then lowered. This carries the hot Oxygen to the surface of the hot metal, increasing the temperature in the Furnace and melting all of the metal.
Why are lime and fluorspar added to basic oxygen furnaces?
The electric arc method uses high-current electric arcs to melt steel scrap and convert it to liquid. Once everything is melted, oxygen is blown into the furnace to purify the steel. Lime and fluorspar are added to combine with impurities. Before eliminating the slag, a sample is taken to check the chemical makeup.
What kinds of steel are made in the basic oxygen furnace?
A basic oxygen furnace, called a BOF, is a pear-shaped steel vessel with refractory lining and an open top. The charge consists of about 75% molten iron and 25% scrap steel.
What is the difference between basic oxygen furnace and electric arc furnace?
A basic oxygen furnace yields high production with minimal labor involved and creates a finished product that is low in nitrogen. Using 100 percent recycled steel, electric arc furnaces help contribute less waste material and save primary resources and energy while lowering greenhouse gas emissions.
Which section Basic Oxygen Furnaces wear the fastest?
The refractory lining of basic oxygen furnaces work in severe conditions of high temperature and oxidizing atmosphere. The lining wear is fastest in the zone of contact with the oxidizing slag (slag line).
What is the difference between lime and limestone?
Limestone is a sedimentary rock that formed millions of years ago as the result of the accumulation of shell, coral, algal, and other ocean debris. Lime is produced when limestone is subjected to extreme heat, changing calcium carbonate to calcium oxide.
What is the most important product tapped from the blast furnace?
The main outputs of blast furnaces includes pig iron and slag, which is formed by combination of limestone with sulfur and other impurities. Pig iron is typically tapped every 3 to 5 hours in quantities of 300 to 600 tons. After tapping, the pig iron is transported, typically in liquid form, to steel-making operations.
What is an oxygen furnace?
Basic oxygen furnaces use pig iron and small amounts of scrap as their primary material inputs and typically melt the furnace charge with coke oven, blast furnace, and natural gas.
What is the pressure of oxygen in a top blown furnace?
The top blown basic oxygen furnace is equipped with the water cooled oxygen for blowing oxygen into the melt through 4-6 nozzles. Oxygen flow commonly reaches 200-280 ft3/ (min*t) (6-8 m3/ (min*t)). The oxygen pressure is 150-220 psi.
What are the different types of furnace valve systems?
There are a few types of furnace gas valve systems: gas chain, consisting of a manual valve, solenoid valve, and pilot safety; and a combination gas valve. A gas chain valve system requires the homeowner to manually turn a valve handle in order to open or close the flow of gas to the furnace.
What are the characteristics of oxygen lance furnace?
The top blown basic oxygen furnace is equipped with the water cooled oxygen for blowing oxygen into the melt through 4-6 nozzles. Oxygen flow commonly reaches 200-280 ft3/ (min*t) (6-8 m3/ (min*t)). The oxygen pressure is 150-220 psi. Service life of oxygen lance is about 400 heats.
