Can CT scan detect TB meningitis?
Can CT scan detect TB meningitis?
Abnormalities on CT imaging may contribute to the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM).
How is TB detected in the brain?
Other tests that may be done include:
- Biopsy of the brain or meninges (rare)
- Blood culture.
- Chest x-ray.
- CSF examination for cell count, glucose, and protein.
- CT scan of the head.
- Gram stain, other special stains, and culture of CSF.
- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of CSF.
- Skin test for TB (PPD)
Can an MRI of brain show TB?
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has emerged as a quality imaging tool aiding in the diagnostic evaluation of intracranial TB variably displaying meningeal, parenchymal, osseous and craniovertebral lesions.
What is hydrocephalus in tuberculous meningitis?
The exact pathogenesis of hydrocephalus in tuberculous meningitis is unclear. The hydrocephalus is probably a result of basal adhesive meningeal reaction wherein the flow of the CSF is obliterated in its course from the point of exit from the fourth ventricle to the site of its absorption in the arach- noid villi.
Can meningitis be seen in MRI?
Routine contrast-enhanced brain MRI is the most sensitive modality for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis because it helps detect the presence and extent of inflammatory changes in the meninges, as well as complications.
When is CT needed for meningitis?
Indications for performing brain CT scanning before lumbar puncture in patients with suspected meningitis include the following : Patients who are older than 60 years. Patients who are immunocompromised. Patients with known CNS lesions.
Is tuberculous meningitis curable?
If diagnosed and treated early 95% of patients should recover completely, but if the disease progresses, death and disability are common despite microbiological cure. TB meningitis occurs most frequently in the developing world, where the diagnosis is often delayed due to confusion with other forms of meningitis.
Will a MRI of the brain show meningitis?
Brain MRI scans can show inflammation and infection, complications of meningitis. Along with MRI patients often have CT and PET scans ordered. Most patients with meningitis have a CT scan before their lumbar puncture, a test used to diagnose meningitis by studying a sample of spinal fluid.
What is lepto meningitis?
Leptomeningitis, which is more commonly referred to as meningitis, represents inflammation of the subarachnoid space (i.e. arachnoid mater and pia mater) caused by an infectious or noninfectious process.
What are the signs and symptoms of intracranial tuberculosis (TB)?
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most common form of intracranial tuberculosis. Most common clinical manifestations include fever, headache, vomiting, and neck stiffness. Seizures, focal neurological deficits, stupor, and coma may be seen in late stages.
What are the possible complications of basal meningitis?
Complications include hydrocephalus, vasculitis, infarcts (especially basal ganglia), and cranial neuropathies. Mechanism for basal meningitis: Rupture of subependymal of subpial granulomas into the CSF or hematogenous spread to leptomeninges. A gelatinous exudate typically forms in the basal cisterns.
What are the current who guidelines for the treatment of tuberculosis (TBM)?
Current WHO guidelines for TBM are based on those developed to treat PTB and suggest treatment with 2 months of rifampicin (RMP), isoniazid (INH), pyrazinamide (PZE) and ethambutol (ETB) followed by up to 10 months of RMP and INH for all patients.
