Do humans have type 2 topoisomerase?
Do humans have type 2 topoisomerase?
Type II topoisomerases are topoisomerases that cut both strands of the DNA helix simultaneously in order to manage DNA tangles and supercoils. In humans, topoisomerase II is a chemotherapy target. In prokaryotes, gyrase is an antibacterial target. Indeed, these enzymes are of interest for a wide range of effects.
Do humans use topoisomerase?
All human topoisomerases generating double-strand-breaks are designated as type IIA topoisomerases, in order to discriminate them from type IIB enzymes, a recently discovered class with topoisomerase VI from Sulfolobus shibatae as a prototype.
What is the difference between topoisomerase I and topoisomerase II?
Topoisomerase I and II are methods of dealing with supercoiled DNA. Topoisomerase I cuts one strand in the double-stranded DNA and no ATP is required for its function. On the other hand Topoisomerase, II cuts both strands in DNA and needs ATP for its activity. This is the key difference between Topoisomerase I and II.
What is assay kit?
equipment used to carry out an analysis, esp a determination of the amount of metal in an ore or the amounts of impurities in a precious metal. an enzyme assay kit.
What is the function of topoisomerase 2?
Type II topoisomerases change DNA topology by generating transient DNA double strand breaks and are essential for all eukaryotic cells. Mammalian cells have two topoisomerase II (TOP2) isoforms, TOP2α and TOP2β. TOP2α is essential for all cells, and is essential for separating replicated chromosomes.
How do topoisomerase II inhibitors work?
TopII forms a homodimer that functions by cleaving double stranded DNA, winding a second DNA duplex through the gap, and re-ligating the strands. TopII is necessary for cell proliferation and is abundant in cancer cells, which make TopoII inhibitors effective anti-cancer treatments.
What is the major function of DNA topoisomerase II in DNA replication?
Topoisomerases II (topo II) are DNA-binding enzymes with nuclease, helicase, and ligase activity. They control and modify topological states of DNA.
Who uses assay kits?
Assay kits are used in life science research, drug discovery & development, and environmental monitoring in a broad range of applications such as studying disease pathways, screening for potential drug candidates and evaluating biopharmaceutical production processes.
Why are topoisomerases important?
The winding problem of DNA arises due to the intertwined nature of its double-helical structure. During DNA replication and transcription, DNA becomes overwound ahead of a replication fork. Bacterial topoisomerases and human topoisomerases proceed via similar mechanisms for managing DNA supercoils.
What happens if topoisomerase II is inhibited?
Topoisomerase inhibitors block the ligation step of the cell cycle, which generates DNA single- and double-strand breaks, leading to apoptotic cell death. Topoisomerase I inhibitors include irinotecan, topotecan, and camptothecin, and topoisomerase II inhibitors include etoposide, doxorubicin, and epirubicin.
What is the topoiosomerase I assay kit?
The Topoiosomerase I Assay Kit is a specific assay for topo I in a crude mixture of heterologous proteins. It is generally easy to interpret an assay that quantifies topo I activity. The Topoisomerase I Drug Screening Kit allows the researcher to model drug action with novel topo I active agents.
How can I measure the activity of topoisomerase enzyme in vivo?
The Topoisomerase I/II in vivo Link Kit (ICE Bioassay) offers a very powerful method to deduce whether a given drug actually affects its predicted topo target in a given cancer cell in vivo. One can quantify the activity of topoisomerase enzyme in vivo with this kit. 10X Topoisomerase I Assay Buffer (TGS).
What is a topo II drug kit?
This kDNA-based Topo II Drug Kit is designed to idendify agents that target type II topoisomerases acting as catalytic inhibitors, primarily; however, poisons can also be detected.
How do you make human topoisomerase II alpha?
Human topoisomerase II alpha is prepared by overexpressing in baculovirus-infected insect cells ( Spodoptera frugiperda) and purifying it by methods developed in-house. The enzyme is supplied in Dilution Buffer. Store at -80°C.
