Does hydrochlorothiazide cause hyponatremia?

Does hydrochlorothiazide cause hyponatremia?

Additionally, female gender or type 2 diabetes mellitus are significant risk factors for reduced sodium levels in patients receiving hydrochlorothiazide or indapamide. Thiazide-associated hyponatremia is more commonly encountered in elderly individuals with low body mass or low-sodium diet.

Can hydrochlorothiazide affect sodium levels?

Hydrochlorothiazide affects electrolyte and fluid balance in the body, which can have serious side effects. This medication may cause low sodium levels (hyponatremia), low potassium levels (hypokalemia), and low magnesium levels (hypomagnesemia).

Which type of diuretic may cause hyponatremia?

Thiazide diuretics are more likely than loop diuretics to cause hyponatremia. Loop diuretics inhibit sodium (Na+) transport in the renal medulla and prevent the generation of a maximal osmotic gradient. Thus, urinary concentrating ability is impaired with loop diuretics.

Which diuretic causes least hyponatremia?

Virtually all cases of severe diuretic-induced hyponatremia have been due to a thiazide-type diuretic [1-7]. A loop diuretic is much less likely to induce this problem unless the diuretic has induced volume depletion or water intake is very high (since loop diuretics partially impair urinary diluting capacity) [8].

Can spironolactone cause hyponatremia?

Spironolactone, a potassium sparing diuretic, has also been implicated in the development of hyponatremia [10, 12]. A possibility that coadministration of a second diuretic with potassium sparing diuretic can either cause or aggravate hyponatremia has been reported [17, 18].

Does spironolactone cause low sodium?

May cause low sodium levels (hyponatremia), low magnesium levels (hypomagnesia), lowered testosterone levels and high potassium levels (hyperkalemia). Low calcium levels and high blood sugar levels may also occur.

Does spironolactone cause hyponatremia?

Can hydrochlorothiazide cause electrolyte imbalance?

HCTZ can cause electrolyte and/or fluid imbalances, including hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypercalcemia, and/or hypomagnesemia. [10] There have been reports of exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus with the use of hydrochlorothiazide.

Why does hydrochlorothiazide cause hypokalemia?

Thiazide diuretics cause hypokalemia; at the level of the pancreatic B cells, this hypokalemia causes hyperpolarization of the B cell and decreases insulin secretion. Decreased K in the interstitium keeps the K channels open for an extended time, which causes the hyperpolarization of the cell.

Does spironolactone increase sodium?

ALDACTONE causes increased amounts of sodium and water to be excreted, while potassium is retained. ALDACTONE acts both as a diuretic and as an antihypertensive drug by this mechanism. It may be given alone or with other diuretic agents that act more proximally in the renal tubule.

Does spironolactone deplete sodium?

Spironolactone primarily affects the kidneys, increasing the elimination of water and sodium but having the opposite effect on potassium. The reduction of water and sodium helps lower blood pressure in people with hypertension or hyperaldosteronism and helps to reduce fluid volume in people with edema.

How does spironolactone affect sodium levels?

Spironolactone inhibits the action of aldosterone by binding to specific receptors in the kidney where aldosterone controls the balance of salt and water in the body. Blocking aldosterone increases the excretion of sodium and other salts through the kidney into the urine.

What are the side effects of hydrochlorothiazide?

Some people may have an allergic reaction to hydrochlorothiazide (FDA, 2011). People who have experienced a sulfa drug allergy should not take this medication. An allergic reaction may cause hives, shortness of breath, trouble breathing, wheezing, skin rash, or swelling of the face, tongue, or throat.

What is thiazide-associated hyponatremia?

Thiazide-associated hyponatremia is more commonly encountered in elderly individuals with low body mass or low-sodium diet.–,, Furthermore, patients with habitual increased water intake (such as those with underlying psychiatric disorders, beer drinkers, etc) are particularly prone to the development of hyponatremia.

How common is hyponatremia with chlorthalidone?

In the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP), which focused on older patients, hyponatremia was observed in 4.1% of patients treated with chlorthalidone versus 1.3% in the control group20). Thirty percent of patients were receiving 12.5 mg/day of chlorthalidone, and 60% were receiving 25 mg/day20).

Can HCTZ cause electrolyte imbalance?

HCTZ may also cause electrolyte imbalances since it affects the balance of water, sodium, and chloride in your body; these can be serious. HCTZ is used to lower blood pressure, but in some cases, this drug may cause blood pressure to drop too low, causing a condition called hypotension.