How can you tell the difference between cystic hygroma and branchial cyst?

How can you tell the difference between cystic hygroma and branchial cyst?

Dermoid cysts occur in the midline and differ in location from the cyst in the present case. All these lesions differ in microscopic features from branchial cleft cyst. Cystic hygroma occurs in the posterior triangle of the neck that is posterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle.

How do you rule out a thyroglossal duct cyst?

How is this cyst diagnosed? Your doctor may be able to tell if you have a thyroglossal duct cyst simply by examining a lump on your neck. If your doctor suspects that you have a cyst, they may recommend one or more blood or imaging tests to look for the cyst in your throat and confirm the diagnosis.

Where is the thyroglossal duct cyst located?

Thyroglossal duct cysts can occur at any point from the base of tongue to the lower neck. The most common location is in the midline of the upper neck just below the chin in the region of the hyoid bone.

Why does thyroglossal cyst move with Deglutition?

The mass on the neck moves during swallowing or on protrusion of the tongue because of its attachment to the tongue via the tract of thyroid descent.

What is branchial fistula?

Branchial cleft fistulae are rare congenital abnormalities that arise from the abnormal persistence of branchial apparatus remnants. A complete fistula is a tract that has an internal opening and an external opening.

How rare is branchial cleft cyst?

The exact incidence of branchial cleft cysts in the US population is unknown. Branchial cleft cysts are the most common congenital cause of a neck mass. An estimated 2-3% of cases are bilateral. A tendency exists for cases to cluster in families.

What type of doctor removes a thyroglossal duct cyst?

Surgeons usually remove thyroglossal duct cysts for the comfort of the person. Removal also allows for further investigation and diagnosis. In rare cases, this can include cancer. Treatment will depend on the person’s age and general health.

What is the ideal management for thyroglossal duct cyst?

The treatment for a thyroglossal duct cyst is surgical removal. There is no known medical therapy with the exception of infected thyroglossal duct cysts, which require immediate antibiotic treatment. The infection should be resolved before surgery is performed.

What is a branchial cleft?

Also, known as a cleft sinus, a branchial cleft cyst is a lump that develops in the neck or just below the collarbone. Branchial cleft cysts form during development of the embryo.

How do you diagnose a thyroglossal cyst?

How is a thyroglossal duct cyst diagnosed? Generally, diagnosis is made by physical examination. The mass typically moves upward when the tongue is extended and with swallowing since the thyroglossal duct often connects at the base of the tongue.

Can Thyroglossal cyst affect thyroid function?

Thyroglossal duct cysts can contain ectopic thyroid tissue, and in some cases this tissue may be the only functional thyroid gland. We present the case of a 6-year-old girl with delayed diagnosis of iatrogenic hypothyroidism that developed after excision of a thyroglossal duct cyst.

What can I do about thyroglossal duct cyst?

Thyroglossal duct surgery. Your doctor will likely recommend surgery to remove a cyst, especially if it’s been infected or is causing you to have trouble breathing or swallowing. This type of surgery is called the Sistrunk procedure.

What are the complications of branchial cleft cyst?

The commonest complication is that the cyst or sinus may get infected if it is not eliminated.

There have been rare reports of malignancy in branchial cleft cysts too,and this could be a grave complication.

In case an abscess forms,it can spontaneously rupture and this could result in a draining sinus in to the pharynx or on to the skin.

How are branchial cleft cysts diagnosed?

A special examination under anesthesia called endoscopy is often necessary to confirm the diagnosis. Branchial cleft cysts are often discovered during a physical examination in a child who is showing no other symptoms. Either the family or the physician detects a mass in the upper or lower lateral neck.

What is the pathophysiology of branchial cleft cyst?

Pathophysiology. Branchial cleft cysts are remnants of embryonic development and result from a failure of obliteration of one of the branchial clefts , which are homologous to the structures in fish that develop into gills.

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