How to determine Kappa number?
How to determine Kappa number?
The Kappa number is determined by ISO 302:2004. ISO 302 is applicable to all kinds of chemical and semi-chemical pulps and gives a Kappa number in the range of 1–100. The Kappa number is a measurement of standard potassium permanganate solution that the pulp will consume.
What is the range of Kappa number for Bleachable pulp?
The Kappa number is an indication of the lignin content or bleachability of pulp. ISO 302:2015 is applicable to all kinds of chemical pulps and semi-chemical pulps within the Kappa number range 1 to 100.
What are kappa values?
The greater the expected chance agreement, the lower the resulting value of the kappa….Table 3.
| Value of Kappa | Level of Agreement | % of Data that are Reliable |
|---|---|---|
| .40–.59 | Weak | 15–35% |
| .60–.79 | Moderate | 35–63% |
| .80–.90 | Strong | 64–81% |
| Above.90 | Almost Perfect | 82–100% |
How do you calculate kappa number of pulp?
Principle. The kappa number is one of the significant parameters for pulp production. It is determined as the volume of N/10 KMnO4 solution consumed by one gram of air-dried pulp in an acidic medium.
How do I report Kappa?
To analyze this data follow these steps:
- Open the file KAPPA.SAV.
- Select Analyze/Descriptive Statistics/Crosstabs.
- Select Rater A as Row, Rater B as Col.
- Click on the Statistics button, select Kappa and Continue.
- Click OK to display the results for the Kappa test shown here:
How do you interpret kappa scores?
Cohen suggested the Kappa result be interpreted as follows: values ≤ 0 as indicating no agreement and 0.01–0.20 as none to slight, 0.21–0.40 as fair, 0.41– 0.60 as moderate, 0.61–0.80 as substantial, and 0.81–1.00 as almost perfect agreement.
What is a good kappa value?
What is the null hypothesis for kappa statistic?
The null hypothesis, H 0, is kappa = 0. The alternative hypothesis, H 1, is kappa > 0. Under the null hypothesis, Z is approximately normally distributed and is used to calculate the p-values. Where K is the kappa statistic, Var(K) is the variance of the kappa statistic.
What is Kappa number determination?
Kappa Number Determination Introduction: Kappa number is used to determine the amount of lignin in a sample of pulp. Lignin is one of three polymers in wood and the one that has to be removed in the chemical pulping process to liberate the fibers that are used in cellulosic products, such as paper and cardboard.
What is Kappa number in pulp production?
The kappa number is one of the significant parameters for pulp production. It is determined as the volume of N/10 KMnO 4 solution consumed by one gram of air-dried pulp in an acidic medium. The KMnO 4 solution is spent due to reaction with lignin and others oxidized compounds within a given time.
What is the meaning of Kappa number in permanganate concentration?
K = kappa number. p = amount of permanganate actually consumed by the sample. f = factor for correction to a 50% permanganate consumption. a = amount of the thiosulfate consumed by the sample.
What is the Kappa number of wood?
The kappa number depends on digestion system, wood species and delignification procedure. Normally the kappa number of soft wood is higher than hard wood. Oxygen delignification reduces the bleaching consumption. The kappa number is one of the significant parameters for pulp production.
