Is peritonitis a complication of peritoneal dialysis?
Is peritonitis a complication of peritoneal dialysis?
Peritonitis is a common complication of peritoneal dialysis. Peritonitis is associated with significant morbidity, catheter loss, transfer to hemodialysis, transient loss of ultrafiltration, possible permanent membrane damage, and occasionally death [1-6].
Is peritonitis contraindication for peritoneal dialysis?
Absolute contraindications for PD are the following: recent abdominal or cardiothoracic surgery, diaphragmatic peritoneal-pleural connections, faecal or fungal peritonitis. Other contraindications are relative.
What is the most common cause of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis?
epidermidis is the most frequently identified cause of PD-associated peritonitis. While S. epidermidis is the most common of the coagulase-negative staphylococci, there are at least 40 other species of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus that have been reported as a cause of human infections.
What is sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis?
Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis (SEP) is a rare chronic inflammatory condition of the peritoneum with an unknown aetiology. Also known as abdominal cocoon, the condition occurs when loops of the bowel are encased within the peritoneal cavity by a membrane, leading to intestinal obstruction.
What is Haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis?
There are two kinds of dialysis. In hemodialysis, blood is pumped out of your body to an artificial kidney machine, and returned to your body by tubes that connect you to the machine. In peritoneal dialysis, the inside lining of your own belly acts as a natural filter.
What are three causes of peritonitis?
What causes peritonitis?
- A hole in your stomach, intestine, gallbladder, uterus, or bladder.
- An infection during treatment for end-stage kidney (renal) disease (peritoneal dialysis)
- An infection of fluid in the belly from end-stage liver disease (cirrhosis)
- Pelvic inflammatory disease in women.
What are the treatment options for peritonitis caused by peritoneal dialysis?
Prophylactic antibiotics administered before PD catheter insertion, colonoscopy, or invasive gynecologic procedures, daily topical application of antibiotic cream or ointment to the catheter exit site, and prompt treatment of exit site or catheter infection are key measures to prevent PD-associated peritonitis.
What is disruption of the peritoneum?
Disruption of the peritoneum, even in the absence of perforation of a hollow viscus, may also cause infection by letting micro-organism into the peritoneal cavity. Examples include trauma, surgical wound, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, and intra-peritoneal chemotherapy.
Do disdisconnect PD systems with a “flush before fill” design reduce peritonitis?
Disconnect PD systems with a “flush before fill” design are consistently associated with a lower peritonitis rate than the traditional spike systems, and are the standard of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) practice nowadays ( 11, 14 ).
How does peritonitis affect peritoneal ultrafiltration capacity?
Moreover, a single episode of severe peritonitis or multiple peritonitis episodes frequently leads to diminished peritoneal ultrafiltration capacity and is the most common cause of conversion to long-term hemodialysis ( 3 ).
