What are symptoms of hypogammaglobulinemia?
What are symptoms of hypogammaglobulinemia?
Hypogammaglobulinemia is a problem with the immune system that prevents it from making enough antibodies called immunoglobulins….Which symptoms you or your child has will depend on what infections you get, but they can include:
- coughing.
- sore throat.
- fever.
- ear pain.
- congestion.
- sinus pain.
- diarrhea.
- nausea and vomiting.
What causes gamma globulin deficiency?
The most common cause is common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). Causes of secondary hypogammaglobulinemia include gastrointestinal losses (e.g., malabsorption/protein-losing enteropathy), nephrotic syndrome, hematologic malignancy, and medication (e.g., immunosuppressives, such as corticosteroids and chemotherapy).
What does hypogammaglobulinemia mean?
Hypogammaglobulinemia refers to a laboratory finding (low immunoglobulin G, or IgG) that may be asymptomatic if mild or may be associated with a number of clinical entities with varied causes and manifestations if more extreme.
How do you diagnose hypogammaglobulinemia?
Perform serum protein electrophoresis for presumptive diagnosis of hypogammaglobulinemia or monoclonal protein. Quantitative methods using immunodiffusion or nephelometry are used for the precise measurements of each isotype of Ig. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is used for IgE quantitation.
Is hypogammaglobulinemia autoimmune?
Many autoimmune diseases have been described in the course of hypogammaglobulinemia, such as cytopenias, inflammatory bowel disease, seronegative arthritis, Sjögren’s syndrome, uveitis, vasculitis, and vitiligo (22,23).
What does a high immunoglobulin A blood level mean?
ANSWER. If your immunoglobulin level is high, it might be caused by: Allergies. Chronic infections. An autoimmune disorder that makes your immune system overreact, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, or celiac disease. Liver disease. Inflammatory bowel disease.
What causes low immunoglobulin?
ANSWER Low levels of immunoglobulins mean your immune system isn’t working as well as it should. This can be caused by: Medicines that weaken your immune system, such as steroids Diabetes complications Kidney disease or kidney failure A weakened immune system that you were born with or developed (as with HIV/AIDS)
What do immunoglobulins do?
Immunoglobulins play a key role in the body’s immune system. They are proteins produced by specific immune cells called plasma cells in response to bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms as well as exposures to other substances that are recognized by the body as “non-self” harmful antigens.
Where are immunoglobulins made?
Immunoglobulins are major components of what is called the humoral immune response system. They are synthesized by lymphocytes and plasma cells and found in the serum and in other body fluids and tissues, including the urine, spinal fluid, lymph nodes, and spleen.
