What are the 5 main branches of the superior mesenteric artery?
What are the 5 main branches of the superior mesenteric artery?
| Superior mesenteric artery | |
|---|---|
| Branches | inferior pancreaticoduodenal middle colic right colic intestinal branches (jejunal, ileal) ileocolic |
| Vein | superior mesenteric vein |
| Supplies | intestine |
| Identifiers |
What happens if the superior mesenteric artery is blocked?
In mesenteric ischemia, a blockage in an artery cuts off blood flow to a portion of the intestine. Mesenteric ischemia (mez-un-TER-ik is-KEE-me-uh) occurs when narrowed or blocked arteries restrict blood flow to your small intestine. Decreased blood flow can permanently damage the small intestine.
What causes superior mesenteric artery thrombosis?
The two main causes of acute superior mesenteric artery thrombosis are: Atherosclerotic occlusion. Embolic occlusion.
What is superior mesenteric thrombosis?
Mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) is a blood clot in one or more of the major veins that drain blood from the intestine. The superior mesenteric vein is most commonly involved.
What are the branches of the superior mesenteric artery and what part of the GIT does each branch supply?
Blood supply and lymphatic drainage of the large intestine The large intestine is supplied by the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries (Figs 4.33–4.36). The branches of the superior mesenteric artery are the ileocolic, right colic and the middle colic arteries (Figs 4.33–4.34).
What are the branches of inferior mesenteric artery?
The branches of the inferior mesenteric artery include 1) the left colic, which is located retroperitoneally and supplies the descending colon; 2) the sigmoid branches, which supply the sigmoid colon; and 3) the superior rectal artery, which is the terminal branch of the inferior mesenteric artery at the pelvic brim.
What does the superior mesenteric artery supply?
The superior mesenteric artery provides oxygenated blood and nutrients to the intestines. These organs are part of the digestive system. The artery branches off of the aorta, which is the body’s largest blood vessel. Superior refers to the artery’s location above other arteries that supply the intestines.
What is SMA syndrome?
Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is an uncommon but well recognized clinical entity characterized by compression of the third, or transverse, portion of the duodenum between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery. This results in chronic, intermittent, or acute complete or partial duodenal obstruction.
What’s the difference between a thrombus and an embolus?
A thrombus is a blood clot that forms in a vein. An embolus is anything that moves through the blood vessels until it reaches a vessel that is too small to let it pass. When this happens, the blood flow is stopped by the embolus. An embolus is often a small piece of a blood clot that breaks off (thromboembolus).
What is the superior mesenteric vein?
The superior mesenteric vein (SMV) is a major venous tributary of the abdominal cavity. Embryologically derived in association with the vitelline vein, the superior mesenteric vein lies lateral to the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and serves to drain the vast majority of the organs of the abdominal cavity.
How is mesenteric thrombosis diagnosed?
Diagnosing Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis Diagnosis is usually based on your symptoms and imaging tests. Typically, a CT scan is used. This test uses X-rays to create cross-sectional images of the abdomen. Other imaging tests may include an ultrasound or MRI scan of the abdomen.
What are the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery?
How is superior mesenteric artery syndrome diagnosed?
Diagnosis. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome is usually suspected based on signs and symptoms. A diagnosis can be confirmed by imaging studies such as an upper GI series (x-rays of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum), hypotonic duodenography (an x-ray procedure that produces images of the duodenum), and computed tomography (CT scan).
What causes SMA syndrome?
Sma Syndrome. It can be a congenital defect with chronic results or it can be acute, induced by traumatic events causing the SMA to hyperextend. Prolonged bed rest, particularly in a body cast, can cause SMA syndrome, as can spinal cord injury and surgery for scoliosis of the spine.
What does superior mesenteric artery syndrome stand for?
Superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) is a digestive condition that occurs when the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine) is compressed between two arteries (the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery). This compression causes partial or complete blockage of the duodenum. Symptoms vary based on severity, but can be severely debilitating.
What causes superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome?
The syndrome is characterized by compression of the third portion of the duodenum due to narrowing of the space between the superior mesenteric artery and aorta and is primarily attributed to loss of the intervening mesenteric fat pad.
