What are the reasons for having inter individual responses to the drugs?
What are the reasons for having inter individual responses to the drugs?
This inter-individual variability in drug response could be due to multiple factors such as disease determinants, genetic and environmental factors and variability in drug target response (pharmacodynamic response) or idiosyncratic response. These factors affect drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion.
What is individualization of therapy?
Individualization of drug therapy, described as tailoring drug selection and drug dosing to a given patient, has been an objective of physicians and other health-care providers for centuries.
Which is responsible for drug response?
Drug response of individual patients is primarily determined by the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of prescribed drugs, which is directly or indirectly affected by polymorphisms in drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters.
How does genetics affect drug response?
Individuals who do not respond to medications as expected may have genetic differences that change the amount of enzymes available to break down a medication or may cause the enzymes not to work. These genetic differences may have an effect on how someone responds to a medication.
Why do some people respond differently to drugs than others?
The body adapts to its presence and needs a higher amount for the person to feel the same results. Taking certain drugs can cause you to develop a tolerance at a faster rate than others. For example, the way opioids interact with the body creates a tolerance in a short time.
What are the factors influencing responses to drugs?
Drug response can be impacted by several factors including diet, comorbidities, age, weight, drug–drug interactions, and genetics. Individual genetic variation in key genes involved in the metabolism, transport, or drug target can contribute to risk of adverse events108 or treatment failure.
Why does individualization important in pharmacokinetics?
The goal of individualization is to optimize the efficacy of a drug, minimize its toxicity, or both. With the growth of technology and databases, drug-disease-trial models and simulation have become useful for integrating information from many different domains.
Can drugs be individualized?
Individualized medicine tailors treatment to a single patient. The term refers to an individual, truly personalized medicine that strives to treat each patient on the basis of his own individual biology. Individualized medicine represents a further individualization of personalized medicine.
What factors affect drug response?
What factors influence drug action?
Factors influencing drug effects
- Type of drug.
- Quantity of drug used.
- Method of drug use.
- Time taken to consume.
- Tolerance.
- Gender, size and amount of muscle.
- Use of other psycho-active drugs.
- Mood or attitude.
How can genetic factors affect drug response in man?
The way a person responds to a drug is affected by many factors, including Genetic makeup Age Body size Use of other drugs and dietary supplements (such… read more is called pharmacogenetics. In some cases, the level of an enzyme that metabolizes medications can be measured before starting the therapy.
Do drugs affect everyone differently?
The effects of drugs on young people can be unpredictable and inconsistent. It can vary between people or for the same person on a different occasions. There are three main things that influence the effect of a drug – the environment, the drug and the person.
