What are the symptoms of medial medullary syndrome?

What are the symptoms of medial medullary syndrome?

The medial medullary syndrome causes ipsilateral hypoglossal paralysis, contralateral hemiparesis, and contralateral loss of proprioceptive and vibratory sensation (preserving pain and temperature sensation). Therefore the tongue deviates away from the side of the weak arm and leg.

What causes Wallenberg syndrome?

Wallenberg’s syndrome is a neurological condition caused by a stroke in the vertebral or posterior inferior cerebellar artery of the brain stem.

Which nerve is not involved in medial medullary syndrome?

The spinothalamic tract is spared because it is located more laterally in the brainstem and is not supplied by the anterior spinal artery, but rather by the vertebral and posterior inferior cerebellar arteries.

What artery causes medial medullary syndrome?

Medial medullary syndrome is a form of stroke that affects the medial medulla of the brain. It is usually caused by atherothrombotic occlusion of paramedian branches of the anterior spinal artery, the vertebral artery, or the basilar artery.

Is a brain stem stroke serious?

A brain stem stroke is a life-threatening medical emergency. If you have symptoms that indicate a stroke, your doctor will likely order imaging tests such as MRI scan, CT scan, Doppler ultrasound, or angiogram.

Is Wallenberg syndrome a disability?

Complications of Wallenberg Syndrome Stroke syndromes can cause permanent disability and affect normal daily functioning, per StatPearls. The most common complications of posterior circulation strokes include: Aspiration pneumonia.

Does Wallenberg syndrome go away?

The long-term outlook for people with Wallenberg syndrome is fairly positive. A successful recovery depends on where the stroke happened in the brainstem. It also depends on how much damage occurred. Some people can recover between a few weeks to six months after treatment.

What happens when medulla stops working?

It plays an essential role in passing messages between your spinal cord and brain. It’s also essential for regulating your cardiovascular and respiratory systems. If your medulla oblongata becomes damaged, it can lead to respiratory failure, paralysis, or loss of sensation.

What is the difference between medial and lateral brainstem syndrome?

Thus a medial brainstem syndrome will consist of the 4 M’s and the relevant motor cranial nerves, and a lateral brainstem syndrome will consist of the 4 S’s and either the 9-11th cranial nerve if the lesion is in the medulla, or the 5th, 7th and 8th cranial nerve if the lesion is in the pons.

What is the pathophysiology of brainstem syndromes?

Brainstem syndromes are usually due to vascular occlusion of branches of the posterior circulation or mass effect secondary to space-occupying lesions. Knowledge of the complex function and anatomy of this region is key to understanding the wide spectrum of disease.

What is brainstem infarction?

Brainstem infarction is an area of tissue death resulting from a lack of oxygen supply to any part of the brainstem. The knowledge of anatomy, vascular supply, and physical examination can be life-saving in the setting of an acute infarct and provide precise diagnosis and management. Time becomes an essential factor in management.

What is the clinical presentation of a pontine stroke?

Pontine strokes, in particular, are catastrophic. Clinical presentation of a pontine infarction can vary, ranging from the classical crossed syndrome (ipsilateral cranial nerve palsy and contralateral motor and/or sensory impairment) to the less common pure motor hemiparesis or hemiplegia or pure sensory stroke.