What does HMG reductase do?
What does HMG reductase do?
HMG-CoA Reductase (or 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase or HMGR) is the rate-controlling enzyme of the mevalonate pathway, responsible for cholesterol and other isoprenoid biosynthesis. HMGR is a transmembrane protein, containing 8 domains, that is anchored in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum.
What is the role of HMG-CoA reductase in the liver?
HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR) catalyzes the rate-controlling step in cholesterol production. This enzyme is highly expressed in the liver, where it is subject to extensive hormonal and dietary regulation.
Which drug is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor?
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) Statins are used adjunctively with diet and exercise to treat hypercholesterolemia and are the most potent LDL-lowering medications. All statins have modest triglyceride-lowering and HDL-raising effects.
What is HMG in biochemistry?
β-Hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA), also known as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A, is an intermediate in the mevalonate and ketogenesis pathways. HMG-CoA is a metabolic intermediate in the metabolism of the branched-chain amino acids, which include leucine, isoleucine, and valine.
Which enzyme is blocked by statins?
Statins block cholesterol in the body and brain by inhibiting HMG-Co-A reductase.
Does HMG-CoA reductase make cholesterol?
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase produces mevalonate, an important intermediate in the synthesis of cholesterol and essential nonsterol isoprenoids.
What is the mechanism of action of statins?
Mechanism of Action Statins work by competitively blocking the active site of the first and key rate-limiting enzyme in the mevalonate pathway, HMG-CoA reductase. Inhibition of this site prevents substrate access, thereby blocking the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid.
How HMG-CoA is formed?
HMG-CoA is formed by condensation of acetyl-CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA, catalyzed by HMG-CoA synthase. HMG-CoA reductase catalyzes the production of mevalonate from HMG-CoA, in which the HMG-CoA reductase reaction is the rate-limiting step for cholesterol synthesis.
